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HIstory: S1 Final (How and why did the outcomes of the war with Mexico…
HIstory: S1 Final
How and why did the outcomes of the war with Mexico 1846-1848 add to sectional difficulties?
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848
added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming
Mexico also gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as America’s southern boundary
United States paid Mexico $15 million
The Missouri Compromise, 1820
Criticized by the South because it established the principle that congress could make laws about slavery
Missouri would enter as a slave state and slavery was prohibited North of latitude 36°30′.
Criticized by North for not fighting more against slavery
The Wilmot Proviso, 1846
was a proposal to prohibit slavery in the territory acquired by the United States at the conclusion of the Mexican War.
further divided the North and the South over the issue of slavery
Many southerners felt slavery should be legal everywhere. A growing amount of Northerners thought slavery should be illegal.
The Compromise of 1850
Fugitive slave act amended & slave trade abolished in Washington D.C.
California entered as a free state & borders were set between Texas and New Mexico
Set out to avert a crisis between the North and South about the issue of slavery and the upset of the senate in favor of a free majority.
Why did the Compromise of 1850 break down so quickly?
Implementing the Fugitive Slave Act
fugitives could not testify on their own behalf, nor were they permitted a trial by jury.
Heavy penalties were imposed upon federal marshals who refused to enforce the law or from whom a fugitive escaped; penalties were also imposed on individuals who helped slaves to escape
Special commissioners were given power to enforce this act no matter which state it was in.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Tells the story of a slave named Tom. He saves a girls life and in the end gets whipped to death when his old master dies.
Novel was said by Abraham Lincoln to have started the civil war.
Told about the way slaves were treated. What they went through and how they lived. The reader could then compare their own free lives with those of a slave and then be convinced that slavery was wrong and should be illegal.
Implementing the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Many anti-slavery Northerners felt that this act was in support of slavery because it repealed a guarantee that there would be no more slave states admitted to the U.S. above a certain point of latitude
Repealed the Missouri compromise
Enacted popular sovereignty to decide if land would be slave or free.
The Formation of the Republican Party
Formed to completely and utterly fight against the spread of slavery to other territories and land in the U.S.
Was able to rise to power because the Democrats party was split in itself
Only organized and rallied party during the election of 1860
Why did the Republicans win the 1860 Presidential election?
The Dred Scott decision
Also suggested that slaves have no future in this country of futures
Stated that slaves are slaves and will always be slaves.
Southerners took the decision as a victory in the battle for the right to have slaves & Northerners ripped into the judges decision
John Brown and Harpers Ferry
The Raid only caused Southerners to feel unsafe and fear a slave revolt so they cracked down on slaves
Northerners took Browns actions as courageous and it also raised even more awareness about slavery
Hard-core abolitionist named Jon Brown attempted to raid a federal arsenal and arm escaped slaves
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates
The True views of Douglas could be expertly extracted by Lincolns speech
Was a way for Lincoln to show and develop his public speaking and debating skills.
Many topics were discussed and solutions to those problems were proposed.
The election campaign of 1860
Four different parties
The democrats were divided in half letting Republicans win
Constitutional party only existed for that election and disappeared when they lost the election
Why did the Civil War begin in April 1861?
The results of the 1860 presidential election
Southern states seceded almost immediately after the elections occurred
Southern States were convinced that Lincoln was actively seeking to end slavery and were convinced it was only a matter of time before slavery would be ended anyway
Even though Abraham Lincoln didn't seek to end slavery before civil, he was determined and steadfast to see that it not spread