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Chapter 2: Commencement (From Guinea to the cape of good hope (After…
Chapter 2: Commencement
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the near atlantic
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Discoverers
Pedro Alvarez Cabral
cabral 1499 left for India: was a Portuguese nobleman, military commander, navigator and explorer regarded as the discoverer of Brazil. Cabral conducted the f
Cabral is regarded as the first captain who ever touched four continents, leading the first expedition that united Europe, Africa, America, and Asia.
Vasco da Gamma
Vasco da Gama, 1st Count of Vidigueira (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvaʃku ðɐ ˈɣɐmɐ]; c. 1460s – 24 December 1524), was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. His initial voyage to India (1497–1499) was the first to link Europe and Asia by an ocean route, connecting the Atlantic and the Indian oceans and therefore, the West and the Orient.
vespucci
was an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer who first demonstrated that Brazil and the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern outskirts as initially conjectured from Columbus' voyages, but instead constituted an entirely separate landmass hitherto unknown to people of the Old World.
Colloquially referred to as the New World, this second super continent came to be termed "Americas", deriving its name from Americus, the Latin version of Vespucci's first name
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Islands and Mainland
treaty of alcacovas
The Treaty of Alcáçovas (also known as Treaty or Peace of Alcáçovas-Toledo) was signed on 4 September 1479 between the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon on one side and Afonso V and his son, Prince John of Portugal, on the other side.
It put an end to the War of the Castilian Succession, which ended with a victory of the Catholic Monarchs on land[1] and a Portuguese victory on the sea.[2] [1] The four peace treaties signed at Alcáçovas reflected that outcome: Isabella was recognized as Queen of Castile while Portugal reached hegemony in the Atlantic Ocean.
the Spanish were prohibited from any ventures in the east. The Portuguese had little incentive to go west. Therefore, the Spanish were receptive to expeditions to the west. The genoese christopher columbus was up for it.
Columbus
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he made four journeys overall and the second one was with many more people than the first one had been. on his third journey he sailed along the northern coast of South America and wrote into his journal that he thinks that this must be a big continent
he died in 1506 almost unnoticed and even though he was a fairly rich man, he felt under appreciated. He died believing that he had reached the east-side of Asia
Pope Borja
at first he granted the spanish everything in the west and of course the portuguese had some objections to this.
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