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Rio de Janerio (Environmental (Favelas (60% in suberbs, 25% outer parts of…
Rio de Janerio
Migration
Pull
Seeking business opportunities and Rios industry attreacts skilled workers from usa and the uk. common laguage also attracts migrents
Push
Poor farmers move because the land isn't good, no services (education and health care)
Causes 63% of urban growth. Migrants from South Korea China Portugal USA UK Amazon Basin Argentina and Bolivia.
Social
Energy issues
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Solution: built new nuclear generator, installing 60 km of new power lines, simpllicio hydro-electric complex - will increase Rio's supply of electricity by 30%.
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Education issues
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Solution: Grants help cost of keeping children in school. Money to provide lessons in volleyball, football ect
Economic
Informal sector issue
Problem: Most residents of favelas work in informal structure. Work is poorly paid and irregular. Dont pay taxes so government receive no income.
Solution: Local government using education to reduce youth unemployment. Courses also available for adults.
Crime
Robbery and violent crime (murder,kidnapping,car jacking and armed assault. Powerful gangs control drug trafficking in Favelas.
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Unemployment issue
Problem: Recession in 2015 increased unemployment rates. Unemployment is the cause of wide contrasts in wealth in Rio.
Solution: Local government using education to reduce youth unemployment. Courses also available for adults.
Environmental
Traffic
Roads can only be built on lowland. High crime - prefer to travel by car (safer). Solution: Expansion of the metro system. New toll for roads in city center.
Air
air pollution: problem - causes 5000 deaths per year in Rio city overcome with smog. Solution: reduce and control traffic.
Waste
Favelas on steep slopes so no access for rubbish lorries - waste dumped, pollutes water, causes diseases like cholera and attract rats.
Water
Problems - polluted water reduces commercial fishing. Oil spills and waste ships empty fuel tanks in the bay. Solution: Overseas aid used to reduce sewage. 12 new sewage works since 2004 - $69 million.
Favelas
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Mostly located just away from the coast along main roads near industrial areas where jobs are available - difficult land (steep hillsides -landslips are common - difficult access).
Pollution
power plant uses methane from rotting rubbish, consumes 30 tonnes a day.