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EARLY CIVILISATIONS (MESOPOTAMIA (POLITICAL ESTRUCTURE (Early…

- - - - Sculpture
        
        Egyptian sculpture evolved very little over thousands of years because its purpose did not change. Its purpose was to represent the gods and pharaohs, and to communicate distance and solemnity.
        
        Sculpture of Pharaoh Menkaure with goddesses
        
        The figures are symmetrical and facing forward.
        
        The figures show very little movement.
        
        The faces are inexpressive.
        
        The subjects can usually be identified by their symbols.
      - Painting
        
        Egyptian painting depicted a wide variety of subjects. In addition to religious and royal subjects, there were scenes of daily life, such as dancing, farming and bread-making.
      - Temples
        
        Egyptian temples were very large structures, built to honour the gods. Only priests, scribes and servants worked in temples, as these buildings were not intended for public use.
      - Tombs
        
        The tombs built by Ancient Egyptians reflected how important death was to them. The tombs in which pharaohs were buried were complex structures, intended to preserve the body and surround it with wealth for its journey to the afterlife
        afterlife (n):
        the life that some people believe begins after death
        .
- - - - Society in Ancient Egypt
        
        The pharaoh was the most powerful person in Ancient Egypt. He was the political and religious leader .
      - Religion in Ancient Egypt
        
        Egyptian religion was polytheistic. Their many gods varied in their relationships to one another, depending on the period and area.
      - The Nile River and Ancient Egypt
        
        The Ancient Egyptians considered the Nile River to be the father of their kingdom. The river overflowed every year and the fields along its banks flooded, leaving behind mud that was very good fertiliser for crops.
      - The gods
        
        were 6
        
        Amun-Ra: was the god of the Sun and the official god of the pharaohs.
        
        Osiris :was the god of death and resurrection.
        
        Isis :was the goddess of motherhood. She was the wife of Osiris and queen of the gods.
        
        Horus: was the son of Isis and Osiris. He was the protector of pharaohs.
        
        Hathor: was the wife of Horus and the goddess of love and joy.
        
        Thoth:was the god of wisdom.