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Endocrine system regulates (How does it do this? (lipid hormones…
Endocrine system regulates
metabolism
repro and sexuality
growth and development
internal homeostasis
response to stress and injury
How does it do this?
amino acid-derived hormones
lipid hormones
mesenchymal gland derivatives
Where?
Testis
testosterone
DHA
estrogens
progestins
androgens
androstenedione
Ovaries
estrone
estradiol
progestins
active forms
17-a-OH progesterone
need that 17a OH
inactive forms
20a or b OH progesterones
androgens
Adrenal Cortex
zona glomerulosa
aldosterone production (mineralocorticoids)
Not regulated by ACTH
important for addison's and cushings disease
no 17a hydroxylase
most potent hormone in body
#
electrolyte balance
#
zona fasiculate and reticularis
glucocorticoids
need 17alpha hydroxylase to make glucocorticoids
none in lagomorphs or rodents
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regulate glu levels
commonly prescribed glucocorticoids
prednisolone/ prednisone (extra double bond)
dexamethasone
control by
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anti-inflammation immune suppression
inhibit margination of neutrophils from BM or to tissue
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tighten endothelial cell junctions
decrease chemotaxis response
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fasiculate gluconeogenesis
reticularis sex steroids
adrenal function regulated by ACTH
Placenta
estrogens
progestins
androgens
steroidogenesis
cooperativity between organelles to make steroids
cytosolic cholesterol
Rate determing step is xport into mitochondria
STAR protein facilitates xport into mitos
mitochondria
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make pregninolone
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STAR deficiency causes lipid buildup
ACTH secretion up, trying to get cholesterol in mitos bloats adrenal
androgen synthesis
preferred pathway in testis
acetate cholesterol
pregnenolone
17a OH pregnenolone
17-20 lyase makes DHA (dehydroepiandrosterone)
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