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SES 340-01 Bonus Option C. (PBIS (Is also a 3 tier approach (Tier 1. Whole…
SES 340-01 Bonus Option C.
RTI
3 Tier Approach Tier 1. Whole group Tier 2. Small group Tier 3. Intensive intervention
Tier 1 is continuous
Monitors students performance in school and provides interventions in struggling areas.
If Tier 1 does not help the student improve, the student will then move to tier 2 and tier 3.
There are two models of RTI: 1. Standard treatment model 2. Problem solving model
Standard treatment model:
Students with similar academic problems are grouped for intervention.
Problem solving model:
A team studies individual student data and makes decisions on which intervention to use.
Both models use multiple tiers of research-based interventions that increase in intensity. Both approaches also use progress monitoring data to determine responsiveness.
Tier 2 instruction is both teacher and student led.
UDL
Contains 3 guidelines: Engagement, Action and Expression, Representation
Engagement:
Gaining and keeping the students attention during a lesson.
Action and Expression:
How students can express the information they learned.
Representation:
How information is represented to the students.
A lesson must contain two of the guidelines to be considered a UDL lesson.
Inclusion and not seclusion.
Reduces or eliminates barriers by providing solutions or strategies.
UDL does not have to be high-tech.
Architecture is credited with the development of UDL.
PBIS
Is also a 3 tier approach
Tier 1. Whole group Tier 2. Small group Tier 3. Individual
Expectations are posted with clear language so that students know what is expected of them.
School-wide PBIS includes six steps: 1. Collaboration 2. Faculty involvement 3. Data-based management 4. Brainstorming 5. Action plan 6. Monitoring and evaluation
Behavior based approach
Evidence Based Practices (EBPs
)
Are supported by research and shown to be effective for achieving outcomes.
Three tiers/categories: Primary, Secondary and Responsive.
Primary:
Creating classroom environments that promote positive behavior and ensures instruction by classroom routines. Classroom expectations should also be established so that students understand the rules.
Secondary:
Reinforce appropriate behaviors, differentiate when needed, promote engagement and maintain supervision.
Responsive:
Use a variety of strategies, develop consistent procedures and provide specific feedback for both positive and negative behaviors.
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA 1990 affirmed the notion of the general education classroom as an "least restrictive environment (LRE)".
Children will be included in classrooms with children who do not have a disability.
Free Public Education
Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS)
Contributing factors:
Limited early learning experiences, low oral language, deficits in phonological processing, poor instruction and living in poverty.
Solutions:
Prevention efforts, intervention, special education, prior early childhood education and RTI approach.
IEP (Individualized Education Program)
A written statement for each child with a disability that is developed, reviewed and revised in a meeting.
All children between the ages 3-21 have been identified as a student with a disability, must have an IEP.
An IEP is developed by a team of professionals, parents and in some cases the student.
IEP only focuses on the areas that are affected by the students disability.
Also known as a 504 Plan, which protects the rights of individuals with disabilities.
IEP is provided in the school environment and is free under FAPE (Free Appropriate Public Education).
IFSP (Indivdualized Family Service Plan)
Is completed for each child and family that is receiving services.
IFSP under Part B of IDEA, helps children from birth to three years old.
IFSP is provided in the natural environment and some services do have a cost.
Early Intervention (EI)
A variety of supports and services that are provided to young children and their families.
There are multiple reasons why both EI and ECSE are important.
They both improve child development and learning outcomes. They also minimize the effect of environmental risk factors.
Early Childhood Special Education (ECSE)
Services and programs that are provided to preschool age children (ages three to five), with disabilities under Part B of IDEA (2004).