Age of Reform: There was increased eonomic activity in trade and industry, unqmployment, low wages. A reform was needed. Intellectual voice of the age was Jeremy Bentham, who said that rules of Common Law were obstacles of social reform since they were based on historical accident rather than rational design.
His view was not well-received, but highly influential to court structure and law of civil procedure.
There was unification of many independent courts, courts must apply both common law and equity at the same time, all trials started by the same writ so plaintiff no longer has to risk losing because he chose the wrong form of action, and substantive law was more altered by legislation e.g. SOGA, Bills of Exchange Act, Marine Insurance Act. Dichotomy between civil and common law diminished.