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French Revolution (Stages of the French Revolution (The Constituent…
French Revolution
Stages of the French Revolution
The Legislative Assembly
legal changes
Two political groups
Jacobins
believed in the revolution
political ideas
gradually became more radical
abolish the monarchy
put the king on trial
expand the suffrage
and control price rises to help the
workers
Girondins
believed in the revolution
interests of
the bourgeoisie
political ideas gradually became more moderate
favoured liberal economic policies that helped the middle
class
wanted to mantain limited suffrage
The Convention
Louis XVI was
acused of treason and then
executed.
A number o f
european countries formed a
coalition and declared war on
France
leadership of
Robespierre
president of the republic
dictatorial government (terror)
wanted to defend revolution
42000 people killed by guillotine
he was executed by the gillotine in the place de la revolution
The Constituent Assembly
new Constituent Assembly
was elected to write a
constitution
protesters
began to riot in the streets
on 14 July
1789
they attacked the
Bastille
legal reforms
Approved the
Declaration of the
Rights of Man and the
Citizen
Abolished feudal rights
Louis XVI tried to
escape to Austria to ask for
support there.
adopted a constitution which
established
the separation of powers
popular sovereignty
.
limited male suffrage
a constitutional monarchy
The Directory and the Consulate
established the Directory, a more
conservative government
at home radical revolutionaries
General Napoleon
Bonaparte organised a military coup
established a new form of government called the
Consulate,
The National Assembly
the Third
Estate proposed
new
voting system
declared themselves
the true representantives
of the nation.
formed a National
Assembly
demanded a
constitution
Napoleonic Empire
First Consul
for life in 1802.
Emperor of France in 1804
Achievements:
domestic policy
new legal
concepts
Civil Code
International policy
military victories to
expand his empire
enlightened and revolutionary
policies
consequences
Political changes
New constitutions
New forms of government
Elections
Economic changes:
All citizens had to pay taxes
private property rights
Free trade
Social changes
Political crisis
Estates General
brought representatives
advise the king
Both
the clergy (First
Estate)
had 300 representatives
each group had one
vote.
the nobility
(Second Estate)
had 300 representatives
each group had one
vote.
both
the middle class (Third
Estate)
had 600
representatives and
only one vote.
the peasantry (Third
Estate)
had 600
representatives and
only one vote.
Economic crisis
The French state was
bankrupt .
royal family spent
money on
luxury goods
extravagant parties
palace
Louis XVI's
ministers suggested
increase taxes
Social crisis
all three estates
were discontented with the crown
The upper middle class (bourgeoisie)
wanted abolish
the absolute monarchy
The lower middle class (petite bourgeoisie)
suffering
from economic
higher taxes
increased competition from British products.
wars
The peasantry
suffered economic problems
taxes
poor harvests
wars
Art
Enlightenment ideas
aspects of the
French Revolution and the
Napoleonic Empire.
Simple forms and decorations that
imitated classical Greek and
Roman art styles.
causes
was a period of violent
political change
social change
which saw
the
abolition of the absolute
monarchy
end
of the states system
of
the Ancien Régime.
Influence of the Enlightenment
French intellectuals and
the bourgeoisie
supported
Enlightenment ideas
and tried to put them
into practice.
Architecture
Commemorative arches and columns,
similar to those of the Roman Empire.
Sculpture
Usually made of white marble.
Represented mythological themes or famous people.
Painting
Historical and mythological themes.
Portraits of famous people.