Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Unit 6 (Learning (Associative Learning (Learning that certain events occur…
Unit 6
Learning
Associative Learning
Learning that certain events occur together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences (as in operant conditioning)
-
-
Acquisition
In classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response. In operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response
Behavior
Law of Effect
Thorndike's principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely, and that behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.
Discriminative Stimulus
In operant conditioning, a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement (In contrast to related stimuli not associated with reinforcement).
-
Behaviorism
The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
Reinforcement/Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
Increasing behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers. A positive reinforecer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
Negative Reinforcement
Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli; a negative reinforcer is any stimulus that when removed after a response, strengthens the response.
Reinforcement
In operant conditioning, any event that strengthens the behavior it follows.
Primary Reinforcer
An innately reinforcing stimulus, such as one that satisfies a biological need.
Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
-
Shaping
An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
Neutral Stimulus
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning