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Gillies, V. 2008. Perspectives on Parenting Responsibility:…
Gillies, V. 2008. Perspectives on Parenting Responsibility: Contextualising Values and Practises.
Burden of motherhood
p106- 'limited amount to offer their children as educators, but as mothers they are able to support them through the culture shock of adjusting to the school envrionment'
single, working class mothers often stigmatised despite facing most adversity
case study p108-110
p109- 'Kelly highlights the less visible but central role (p110) mothers often play in terms of preventing problems from escalating'
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'prominent is the pleasure and satisfactions she continues to derive from parenting, alongside the pain and worry'
'works hard to compensate for vulnerability and a lack of access to material and economic resources'
Neoliberalism
p96 - 'emphasis on family, community, and personal responsibility'
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p97- 'studies .. highlight the significance of multiple structural factors as opposed to culture or attitude'
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'uncontested finding that children from disadvantaged families are more likely to experience negative outcomes in the future'
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p98- 'parenting deficit'
'implicate a variety of factors including ineffective discipline practises, lack of maternal support, low parental supervision, and lack of attachment'
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'simple linear models of causality' suggest 'unemployment, low income, and social deprivation are the major risk factors'
p100- 'Parenting Orders designed to force parents (usually mothers) to attend classes and adhere particular rules'
('coercive and authoritarian approach to family policy')
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Parental determinism
Parents as educators
p103- wc parents = 'caring for, protecting, and loving their children rather than teaching or cultivating them'
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p106- 'should not be expected to act as an educator as this merely compounds a cycle of disadvantage'
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irony of shifting parenting from the private to public sphere but parental responsibility is still on the individual
p101- 'pressure on all parents to justify their actions within a sanctioned model, or face consequences' (Foucault and governance)
p105- wc parents 'not fixated on increasing their children's intellectual capacity' (away from brain dev discourse)
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'policy makers are liable to identify this as a lack of parental support for children's education, leaving them with low aspirations and poor self-esteem'
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'described their children as having positive attributes that were either overlooked or unrecognised'
case study showing that despite full parental efforts children cannot be controlled (there were rules in place alongside interventions, much time put in etc) - p109
wider issues e.g. poverty, psychological trauma were ignored
parenting interventions, classes etc told Kelly what she already knew about parenting and did not find them effective
"they'd say to me thinks like make sure you do 10 minutes a day playing with him. Well I've always spent time with my kids anyway, so that really didn't make a difference."
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Types of parenting
resiliance
p103- wc parents = 'emotionally and practically engaged in helping their children negotiate disadvantages and challenges'
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p111- 'ensuring children are equipped to deal with instability, injustice, and hardship often clashes with more normative middle-class expectations' (resilience vs intensive)
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positive parenting
p104 - 'communicated resources in the form of love, support, and positive connotation as a part of prioritisation of home, particularly in the context of school failure' (distinctions between positive and intensive parenting)
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Historical changes
p97- Conservative gov.
'family life were seen as a distinct private sphere lying beyond the boundaries of legitimate state intervention'
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Research
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p101- ' in depth exploration of five white, wc mothers parenting outside of conventional nuclear family boundaries'
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p101- 'challenge much of the government's theorising around child-rearing' (policy makers = mc values)