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Corrections (Probation and Intermediate Sanctions (Recidivism (A return to…

- - - - A penitentiary system, developed in Pennsylvania, in which each inmate was held in isolation from other inmates.
    - - A penitentiary system, developed in Auburn, New York, in which each inmate was held in isolation during the night but worked and ate with other prisoners during the day under a rule of silence.
    - - An institution that emphasizes training, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole.
    - - A model of corrections based on the goal of reintegrating the offender into the community.
    - - Judges should not interfere with the administration of correctional institutions.
    - - Prisoners are entitled to the protection of the Civil Rights Act of 1871 and may challenge in federal courts the conditions of their confinement.
- - - - The process of assigning an inmate to a category based on his or her risk to security, educational level, ability to work, and readiness for release.
    - - Offers the only way to escape abuse for some inmates who are victims of abuse.
    - - The values and norms of the prison social system that define the inmates' idea of the model prisoner.
    - - Prisoners over the age of 50 accounted for 30 percent of all sick-call visits and half of all emergency calls.