CH 7/8

PHOSPHORUS has 5 valence electrons

MAGNESIUM has 2 valence electrons

Electron Configuration of calcium= 1s2, 2s2, 2p6,3s2,3p6, 4s2

BARIUM gives up 2 electrons to achieve noble gas electron configuration

FLUORINE does not form an ion with a charge of 1+

OXYGEN obeys the octet rule by gaining 2

The net charge of FLUORIDE is 0

An IONIC COMPOUND is salt, held together by ionic bonds, and is composed of anions and cations

ALUMINUM OXIDE= Al2O3

POTASSIUM SULFIDE= K2S

Ionic Compounds are normally SOLID at room temp.

ELECTRONS are free to drift in metals

An ionic bond is a bond between an anion and a cation

Ionic Compounds are solids and have a high boiling point
Covalent Compounds are gases or solids with a low melting point

NITROGEN can form diatomic molecules held together by triple covalent bonds

O2 is joined by a double covalent bond

PAIRS OF VALENCE ELECTRONS far apart

UNSHARED ELECTRON PAIRS causes water molecules to have a bent shape

Methane molecules shape is a tetrahedral

Sp3 is the hybrid orbital that exists in methane

A bond between a silicon atom and an oxygen atom is most likely to be POLAR COVALENT

H--F is most polar of the covalent bonds

ATTRACTION BETWEEN POLAR MOLECULES causes dipole interactions

A double bond consists of 1 SIGMA BOND and 1 PI BOND

Ionic and covalent bonds are INTRAMOLECULAR forces

a RESONANCE is multiple lewis structure possibilities

Covalent bonds are formed by two nonmetals

Ionic bonds are formed by a metal and a nonmetal

Nonmetals tend to form negative ions

Metals tend to form positive ions

S stands for SHELL

DIATOMIC MOLECULES= Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2, O2, F2

INTRAMOLECULAR forces are responsible for holding the H to the O in water

Forces responsible for holding water molecules together in an ice cube INTERMOLECULAR