CH 7/8
PHOSPHORUS has 5 valence electrons
MAGNESIUM has 2 valence electrons
Electron Configuration of calcium= 1s2, 2s2, 2p6,3s2,3p6, 4s2
BARIUM gives up 2 electrons to achieve noble gas electron configuration
FLUORINE does not form an ion with a charge of 1+
OXYGEN obeys the octet rule by gaining 2
The net charge of FLUORIDE is 0
An IONIC COMPOUND is salt, held together by ionic bonds, and is composed of anions and cations
ALUMINUM OXIDE= Al2O3
POTASSIUM SULFIDE= K2S
Ionic Compounds are normally SOLID at room temp.
ELECTRONS are free to drift in metals
An ionic bond is a bond between an anion and a cation
Ionic Compounds are solids and have a high boiling point
Covalent Compounds are gases or solids with a low melting point
NITROGEN can form diatomic molecules held together by triple covalent bonds
O2 is joined by a double covalent bond
PAIRS OF VALENCE ELECTRONS far apart
UNSHARED ELECTRON PAIRS causes water molecules to have a bent shape
Methane molecules shape is a tetrahedral
Sp3 is the hybrid orbital that exists in methane
A bond between a silicon atom and an oxygen atom is most likely to be POLAR COVALENT
H--F is most polar of the covalent bonds
ATTRACTION BETWEEN POLAR MOLECULES causes dipole interactions
A double bond consists of 1 SIGMA BOND and 1 PI BOND
Ionic and covalent bonds are INTRAMOLECULAR forces
a RESONANCE is multiple lewis structure possibilities
Covalent bonds are formed by two nonmetals
Ionic bonds are formed by a metal and a nonmetal
Nonmetals tend to form negative ions
Metals tend to form positive ions
S stands for SHELL
DIATOMIC MOLECULES= Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2, O2, F2
INTRAMOLECULAR forces are responsible for holding the H to the O in water
Forces responsible for holding water molecules together in an ice cube INTERMOLECULAR