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Student Assessments By: Cody Exposito (REFERENCES (Question Detail. (n.d.)…

- - - - Advantages: Students are able to demonstrate the skills that they learned, and the learning will occur during the process until the completion of the lesson or task. Active processing that uses thinking and revision skills. It is great for integrated learning.
        
        Disadvantages: They are not easily counted. It is possibly difficult to judge on student learning, and time is consumed when evaluating the students. These projects could become costly for the school or teacher.
        
        Assessment OF&FOR Learning: This assessment is designed to help the students as they are pulling it all together and the teachers can sit back and observe what they are learning and how they are improving.
        
        Example: (Primary School) (In view of the class, place 10 ants in a box. Place a flashlight at one end, while darkening the other by folding over the box top.) Say to the students: "Do Ants most more to the light or more to the dark? Make a graph that shows how many ants move to the light and how many move to the dark part of the box." Their graphs will be displayed at their Open House.
- - - - Advantages: Diagnostic assessments provide information to individualize instruction. It shows a teacher that a small group of students needs additional instruction on a particular portion of a unit or course of study. It can provide remediation for those students so that they can fully engage with new content.
        
        Disadvantages: A disadvantage for diagnostic assessments might be that it could cause an educator to make an incorrect inference about a child's ability level, which could embarrass them or hinder their growth down the road.
        
        Assessment FOR Learning: This activity is for the purpose of determining the students' progress during a unit or lesson of instruction. The students are directly provided with valuable feedback on their own learning.
        
        Example: (Grade 3) A good example is of this assessment is the unit pretest, which occurs prior to instruction on a particular unit of study to gather information about what the students know about the topic. For a unit pretest you must make sure to focus on the core concepts of the skills that you expect the students to know.
- - - - Advantages Formative Assessments are not graded, so this takes away the anxiety from students when they are being assessed. It also detaches the thinking that they must get everything right. The main advantage for formative assessment is that the teacher has to do less reteaching at the end of the lesson.
        
        Disadvantages: Teachers have to sacrifice time during the class and sometimes fear that they will not have enough time to finish the lesson. A lot of teachers lack training or professional development on how to use formative assessments effectively in class.This might lead to formative assessments may have little to no point value once finished.
        
        Assessment FOR learning: Formative assessments are the use of tasks for determining student progress during the unit. This is specifically used to assess them to make sure they are ready to move on and learn more.
        
        EXAMPLE: (Grade 3) An example is a game I used called Red Card/Green Card. I ask yes or no questions as a quick check to see if the majority of the class understands in an quick and effective way. I can easily see if someone answers incorrectly, and can quickly focus on them and solve their misunderstanding. I think this is a quick and easy way to check during a lesson as a formative assessment.
- - - - Advantages: They are used to determine if and to what degree the students have learned during the lesson. You can evaluate the effectiveness of the material being taught. You can measure progress and work towards improvement goals.
        
        Disadvantages: Are not always the most accurate reflection of learning, and they do not do much to identify and fix the instructional problems before they become serious. Summative assessments create anxiety and stress, and can be disruptive to the students life and mental health.
        
        Assessment OF Learning: Summative Assessments are definitely assessments of learning because this assessment is used to measure, record and report on a students level of achievement in regards to the specific learning expectations.
        
        Example: (3rd Grade) Example of summative assessment is a presentation and creation of a poster-board explaining to the rest of the class what you learned from the reading. This allows the teacher to effectively grade the students knowledge and can see the quality of work they did by assessing the poster-board and the information on it.
- - - - Advantages: These assessments hold teachers accountable for ensuring that all the students learn what they are expected to learn. Motivates the students to work harder, learn more, and take the tests more seriously. It establishes high expectations for both educators and students.
        
        Disadvantages: It forces educators to "teach to the test" -ie., to focus instruction on the topics that are most likely tested. Promotes a more "narrow" academic program in schools. Contributes to higher rates of cheating among educators and students. Has been correlated to higher failure rates.
        
        Assessment OF Learning: This is used by educators to assess the students knowledge of what they were taught.
        
        Example: (Grade 3) An example of a high-stakes assessment would be a final multiple choice test given to the students to test where they place on the local, and nation-wide scale.
- - - - Advantages: Promotes student self-evaluation, reflection, and critical thinking skills. It is also good for measuring performance based on genuine samples of the students work. It provides flexibility in measuring how students accomplish their learning goals.
        
        Disadvantages: Requires extra time to plan an assessment system and conduct the assessment. Gathering all of the necessary data and work samples can make portfolios bulky and difficult to manage. Scoring portfolios involves extensive use of subjunctive evaluation procedures.
        
        Assessment FOR & OF Learning: This help the student grow along the way, and gives great material at the end of the unit for the teacher to evaluate and assess.
        
        Example: (3rd Grade) I will provide each student with a big folder, that has several pockets. I will have them name each pocket the different subjects they are studying, such as art, math, and reading. Then I will have them put in their final finished assignments throughout the lesson, unit, and year.
- - - - Advantages: Is the ease with which administrators and admissions professionals can analyze and compare student scores. Test makers can categorize questions to determine which areas students excel in and which they have difficulty with.
        
        Disadvantages: This assessment has the disadvantage of lacking real-world context. Students answer questions one by one without the need to apply long-term critical reasoning skills. The students also lack chances to demonstrate their reasoning skills despite a lack of knowledge about a questions specific subject matter.
        
        Assessment FOR&OF Learning: This assessment helps measure the level of achievement, as well as allows the students to reflect on their own learning and identify areas of their own strengths and needs.
        
        Example: (3rd Grade-Language Arts) Creating a standard for reading/ writing connection unit. Writing a content standard page that has Students will be able to... (e.g.,) 1. Distinguish non-fiction texts from fiction texts, and analyze defining attributed of a vareity of types of non-fiction texts..
- - - - Advantages: Students can identify their own skill gaps, where their knowledge is weak. They can also see where to focus their attention in learning. Set realistic goals, revise their own work, and they can track their own progress.
        
        Disadvantages: The big disadvantage of self-assessments are that the students are held to no accountability. This may lead to limited motivation for change.
        
        Assessment FOR Learning: This assessment helps the student track their own learning better. These students can then set realistic goals that will get them more prepared for the summative assessments and overall learning.
        
        Example: (3rd grade) An example of self assessment could be having the students fill out their own self assessment checklists for their reading projects. Were they able to finish on time, did they do their best, is there anything they could have done better, etc. This would be a good way for them to self-assess themselves.
- - - - Advantages: The students can act as an Assessor and can gain an opportunity to better understand the assessment criteria.This can
        transfer some ownership of the assessment process to the student, and therefore can increase the student's motivation and engagement during the activity.
        
        Disadvantages: Because students have different attitudes, beliefs, and approach to doing things, there is a risk that the assessments will be subjunctive. Fellow students could be stressed out or overwhelmed knowing that other students are assessing them rather than the teacher. The students assessing might not possibly fully understand what they are assessing.
        
        Assessment FOR Learning: This assessment allows the students to give and receive useful feedback to and from their peers. This keeps the students engaged throughout the lesson.
        
        Example: (3rd Grade) You can have the students rate how each member of the group is doing by giving them peer review worksheets. This will keep each student accountable while working in groups, and will help the students understand what they should and shouldn't be doing.