Great Schism & Crusades
Charles Martel- Saves the Church at the Battle of Tours
Pepin the Short- donates papal state
Charlemagne- 1st Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Empire- Anywhere there's churches
Feudalism- Hierarchy- Pope, kings, nobles, knights, merchants, serfs
Corruption
Simony- paying off church offices
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St. Berno- Cluny
Nepotism- putting family members into positions of power
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monasticism
Cistercians- Wore White
Carthusians- Hermits
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Ecclesiastical Power- Church Power
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Divine Office- Liturgy of the Hours
Lay Investiture Crises- who should appoint bishops- kings or the Pope?
Pope Gregory VII- perseverence
Dictus Papae- Pope can appoint bishops, call councils
Canon Law- defined rules of the church
Excommunication- cut off from the Eucharist (King Henry IV)
St. Hugh of Cluny- Forgive Henry IV
St. Thomas a Becket- killed Henry II after stopping him from breaking canon law
Iconoclast- Destroy the icons
2nd Council of Nicaea- Venerate idols vs idolism
Council of Toledo- beginning of the schism
Filioque- and the son
Papacy- Holy See
Language- Latin vs Greek
Constantinople I- 381 confirmed Nicene Creed
Urban II- pope during first crusade
First Crusade- best organized
Godfrey- led the people of Lorraine, the Germans, and northern French
Alexius I- eastern emperor, feared crusaders
Jerusalem- sacked
Knights Templar- banking system
Hospitalers- medical corps
Saladin- Great Turkish military leader
Jihad- Holy War
The Second Crusade- lay piety movement
The Third Crusade- Robin Hood
The Fourth Crusade- children's crusade
St. Francis of Assisi- preach to the poor
St. Dominic- dumb ox
Results of the crusades
Relics-
Trade- opened trade of the east to the west
Scholasticism- study of schools