Henry VII
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to what extent was the church in need of reform
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how significant was the position of agriculture in the english economy in the years 1845-1509
Henry's consolidation of royal authority in the years 1489-1509 was chiefly achieved through foreign treaties
henry's consolidation of power in the years 1485-1499 was the result of his own personal strengths
how successful was henry in consolidating royal authority in the years 1485-1509
henry's VII reform in government were limited both in scope and success
henry VII showed himself to be a capable ruler in his dealings with spain in the years 1485-1509
how successful was henry in fulfilling his foriegn policy objectives
'henry's reign was typified more by continuity than change', to what extent is this a valid interpretation of H7's reign?
henry neutralised the threat from the nobility with ease, soon after he came to the throne
henry considered it highly important to improve the kingdom's finances so that he could secure his claim to the throne.
henry's greatest success as king was establishing a 'New Monarchy'
how far can henry be credited with the successful government and administration of england?
Henry VII’s domestic policy was not ‘fit for purpose’ Assess the validity of this view
‘Despite the need to secure his dynasty, it was the desire to expand England’s
overseas trade that underpinned Henry VII’s foreign policy.’
Assess the validity of this view. [
Henry's financial policies were the most important reason for the success of his rule
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to what extent was england's government fundamentally transformed in the years 1509 to 1547?
gov was significantly changed, however it was not completely transformed, nor was the change 'fundamental'. If we consider the longevity of the changes, lots of changes in gov were short term and became insignificant, suggesting gov was not transformed.
sig change between H7 & H8 in the use of ministers, not used to the smae extent in H7's reign. Wolsey known as 'alter rex' meaning 'other king' suggestig he had sig power to make decisions. contrasts to H7 who was known as the 'miser king' , did not allow minister much power, in an attmept to consoidaste his power and secure the dynasty. contrast suggests that the gov and the controllers of gov sig cnaged betweeen 09 and 47. role of cromwell in changing the make up of gov and legislating the henrician rteformation. W had the role od raising taxation (attempt with the unsuccessful am grant 1525) although ministers had sig power, like parl, ultimsately they had to serve the monarch's interests. W arrested in 1529 and More executed in 1535 for praemunire. gov was not fundamentally transformed.
counterargument: Elton says there was a rev in governement, there was a sig change as H was head of the church and state due to the 1534 act of succession, the palatinates and smei autonomus regions had sig less independence. more procedural imporvoments, parl much more important than before and multiple admin changes.
parliament: sig change in h8's reign, known as the king in parliament' suggesting that they were the same body, (p was a legislative body). by the 1530s p was being used relentlessly to pass leg for the break form rome. act of supremacy 1534 whereby all bishops had to swear an oath declaring H8 as supreme of the church, act of annates etc. parl played an imortant role in chasnging the laws of the ocuntry, more than any governmental body in this period. Although the role was changed it was not transformed, parl's central role was relatively short term, after the break from rome parl sessions declined in frequency and they sat for less time. The role was not transformed, still not democratic, had to srve interests of monarch. ultimately monarchs prerogative to chose what leg got passed.
However, to argue that there was a 'revolution' or a 'fundamnetal transgformation' mighht be an exaggaration. The monarch always had sig power over the church, so the change cna't be classified as revolutionary, and parls role developed to serve the kings interests, which it had laways been used for. although tyhere was a sig change it was not fundamental. longeivty of those chages was short.
counterargument: disbanding bodies of gov could be seen as a fundamental change. H8 dissolved the council learned and E and D were executed, council served as a sig contributor to the econ and the crown's solvency However the siddolution did no fundamentally change gov, traditional bodies and mechanisms of gov were still used, suchas the privy.
conclusion: H8adopted thre make up of gov to suit his needs and some of the changes (relentless use of parl and use of ministers) were v significant. however, it was a new concept for monarchs to adapt the governmental structure to suit their needs, suggesting thas the changes, albeit sdignificant, for later monarchs, were not fundanmental