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Napoleon Forges an Empire (Napoleon Rules France (Restoring Order at Home…
Napoleon Forges an Empire
Napoleon Creates an Empire
Napoleon wanted to control all of Europe
He envisioned having territories like Louisiana, Florida, French Guiana, and the French West
Indies.
With that he wanted to assert power in the Americas
Loss of American Territories: Change
1789- planters in Saint Domingue demanded same rights as French citizens
Saint Domingue Revolution
Then enslaved Africans started demanding rights
Revolution and War
Civil war erupted and and African's seized control of the colony
Napoleon decided to take back the colony
Expedition failed
Napoleon decided to sell Louisiana to the US
$15 million
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Was said to benefit both parties
Napoleon focused again on expanding into Europe
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How did L'Ouverture's revolution benefit the United States?
A: His revolution benefited the United States because Napoleon sold them the Louisiana territory. Napoleon was not focused on the United States anymore during this time.
Napoleon Rules France
Restoring Order
at Home
Napoleon kept changes that had come with the Revolution and didn't try to take it back to what it used to be
He generally supported laws that would strengthen the central government
Napoleonic Code
Napoleon's comprehensive system of laws that gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices
In general, did Napoleon make the French government stronger or weaker?
Napoleon made the government stronger by supporting laws that would help the majority
Napoleon's first task was to make the economy steady
He set up an efficient method of tax collection and established a national banking system
Ensured the government a steady supply of tax money
Also took steps to end corruption and inefficiency in government
Dismissed corrupt officials and set up lycées, government-run public schools
What made the admission policies of the lycées significant?
Admission was open to boys of all backgrounds, which was unusual during this time
More About the Beginning of Lycées
Promoted financial management and better control of the economy
Napoleon disregarded religious changes introduced by the Revolution
Both the clergy and many peasants wanted to restore the position of the Church in France
Napoleon signed an agreement with Pope Pius VII, and this established a new relationship between church and state
What caused Napoleon to reach an agreement with the Pope?
He realized that it would create a relationship between church and state, which would then gain him the support of the church and a majority of France
Napoleon Crowned as Emperor
In 1804, Napoleon decided to make himself emperor, and the French voters supported him
On December 2, 1804, Napoleon took the crown from the pope and placed it on his own head
This gesture showed people that Napoleon was more powerful than the church (Pope traditionally crowned the rulers of France)
Chosen Leader
Napoleon pretended to be the constitutionally chosen leader of a free republic
In 1800, a vote of the people was held to approve a new constitution
France was desperate for strong leadership and overwhelmingly voted in favor of the constitution
This gave all real power to Napoleon as first consul
More About Napoleon
Napoleon Seizes Power
Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica
When he was nine his parents sent him to military school
At age 16 he finished school and became a lieutenant in the artillery
When the revolution broke out he joined the army of the new government
Revolution
Napoleon's life
Hero of the Hour
In 1795, there was a chance for glory
Napoleon was told to defend the delegates
The attackers fled in panic and confusion
Napoleon was hailed throughout Paris as the savior of the French republic
In 1796, Directory appointed Napoleon to lead a French army against the forces of Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia
Swept into Italy and won a series of remarkable victories
Napoleon led an expedition to Egypt but was unable to repeat successes he had in Europe
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Invasion
Leadership
1794-1795 Napoleon timeline
Coup d'État
By 1799, Directory lost control of the political situation and the confidence of the French people
Napoleon returned from Egypt, friends urged him to seize political power
He took action in November 1799
Troops surrounded the national legislature and drove out most of the members
Remaining lawmakers voted to dissolve the directory
They established a group of 3 consuls which one was Napoleon
Napoleon took the title of first consul and assumed the powers of a dictator
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Conflict
1799 timeline
Leadership
Change
Religion
Leadership