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Tectonics 1.1 (Volcanoes (Secondary Impacts (Lahars and Jokulhlaups,…
Tectonics 1.1
Volcanoes
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Found at Destructive, Divergent and Hotspot volcanoes can occur
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Primary Impacts
Pyroclastic flows (most deaths/1000 degree C), tephra (bombs/dust/ash), lava flows and volcanic gases (1986 Lake Nyos 1,700 deaths)**
Secondary Impacts
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Jokulhlaups - catastrophic glacial outburst flood, occur anywhere where water accumulates subglacial lake beneath a glacier
Tsunamis
Created by undersea earthquakes, landslides,slumps and sometimes volcanic eruptions
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Fairly Predictable - 90% occurring within the Pacific Basin, most are generated at subduction zones (convergent boundaries) such as Japan-Taiwan island arc.
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Sea floor spreading occurs at divergent boundaries under the oceans. Input of magma forming a mid ocean ridge, Mid -Atlantic Ridge . On land a rift valley forms.
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