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Particles and Radiation (Fundamental Forces (Gravitation
-a force between…
Particles and Radiation
Matter and Antimatter
Antiparticles
Antiparticles have:
-the same mass as the original particle
-opposite charge to the original particle
-opposite spin to the original particle
-opposite values of baryon number, lepton number and strangeness
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Pair production
A particle antiparticle pair can be produced by a high-energy photon passing near a nucleus or electron. The photon must have 2 times the energy of the rest mass of the particles. Any energy surplus to this becomes kinetic energy.
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Particle classification
Hadrons
Baryons
-made up of three quarks
-have a proton in their decay process
-proton is considered to be the most stable baryon
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Leptons
-acted on by weak nuclear force
-fundamental particles therefore cannot be divided further
-lepton number 1 and antileptons have lepton number -1
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Fundamental Forces
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Electromagnetic
-range is infinite
-can be repulsive or attractive
-affects all charged objects
-photons
Weak nuclear force
-acts on leptons and quarks
-responsible for beta minus decay
-W-,W+,W0
Strong nuclear force
-acts on hadrons and quarks
-short range (only in nucleus)
-attractive at long range and repulsive at short range
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