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Antibiotic resistance (Why resistance develops (Types of resistance…
Antibiotic resistance
Why resistance develops
Rare that resistance develops in pathogen during treatment, (except for use of fluoroquinolones and rifampicin)
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Examples of antibiotics
Beta-lactams - Penicillin binding proteins (PBP's) Penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems.
- Resistance due to Beta-lactamases. (Enzymes)
- To overcome this can use Beta-Lactam + Beta-Lactamase inhibitor
Cephalosporins
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ESBLs (Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases)
- Hydrolyze wide range of Beta-lactam antibiotics, including 3rd generation. Also resistance to inhibition
Aminoglycosides - Gentamicin, streptomycin. Often used in combination
Fluoroquinolones - Enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin. Inhibit DNA metabolism. Broad spectrum
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Metaphylaxis
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Some calves infected in shed, give antibiotics to other calves to prevent spread