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How increased demand will lead to increased water insecurity (Increasing…
How increased demand will lead to increased water insecurity
Increasing population and urbanisation
Demand for water is rising twice as fast as population growth
Causing local pressure on freshwater availability
Especially in drought-prone areas
More than half of world population lives in Urban areas
By 2030, urban population of Africa and Asia is predicted to double
Improving living standards
Sharp increases in water use
Very unsustainable
Especially where supplies are scarce
Changing consumption patterns
Meat consumption
Larger Homes
Increased use of cars
Increased water consumption overall
Industralisation
OECD predicted that water demand for manufacturing would increase by 400% from 2000 to 2050 - more than anywhere else
Most of increase in emerging economies and developing countries
Implications for water supply and quality
Where water use is not well regulated, pollution could increase dramatically
Industrial spillage and poor waste management leading to contaminated ground water and rivers
Agriculture
Amount of water use
By far the largest user
Consumes 70% of water
Occasionally 90% in some developing countries
Global agriculture demands
By 2050, global agriculture will need to produce 60% more food to meet demands of growing population
Increase in demand for freshwater for agriculture is unsustainable
Inefficient use of water forcrop production
Depleting aquifers and reducing river flow
Degrading wildlife habitats
Increasing pesticide and fertiliser production as they seep into the groundwater
Water logging and increased salinity
(20% of irrigated land suffers from salinity)