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DCD 231 (Module 5: Games Technology, Industry, Culture. (Chapter 6 Lecture…

- - - - Valorization of Outcomes
      - Player Effort
      - Player-Attached Outcome
      - Variables
      - Negotiable Consequences
      - Rules
    - - Average gamer 30 years old
      - 47% female
      - women 18+ fastest growing demographic
    - - The Psychopath Test
    - - Using game-like characteristics for non game applications (fitness apps)
  - - - Samsung Gear VR
      - Oculus Rift
      - Google Cardboard Headset
      - HTC Vive
      - Sony Playstation VR
  - - - "situated and embodied learning... being able to solve problems with what you know not just know a bunch of inert facts but be able to use facts and information as tools for problem solving in specific contexts" (3:27)
- - - - Not real-time
      - Email, discussion forum, etc.
      - Contributions are “considered more thoughtful compared to synchronous communication”
    - - real-time
      - Utilizes videoconferencing technology such as Adobe Connect, WebEx, etc.
      - Increases social presence, creates social and community membership.
    - - Combination
  - - - Athens- democratic
      - Islam- mathematics
      - Bologna- Aristotle's writings
      - America- established principles
  - - - students can hand select best teachers in a subject from different schools
- - - - "The problem, they say, is that we spend so much time maintaining superficial connections online that we aren’t dedicating enough time or effort to cultivating deeper real-life relationships. Too much chatter, too little real conversation" (Is Technology Making, par 3).
        
        ex- Hundreds or thousands of Facebook friends
  - - - example: Wikipedia
- - - - "They are attempting to be several places at once... Speaking on the telephone while walking through a nature preserve represents a certain level of disconnection from one's immediate surroundings..." (Lightman, par. 4).
  - - - Positive: immediate access to learning
      - Negative: no new information retained
  - - - Google operation mimics the human brain
        
        "our brain weeds out what isn't coherent with our prior experiences, feelings and what else we think we know" (Lynch, 28).
        
        Google acts as reassurance to information already known
- - - - What is New Media: Defining Media isn't Easy
        
        "new media holds out a possibility of on-demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive user feedback"
      - Convergence: “process whereby new technologies are accommodated by existing media and communication industries and cultures” (Flew, 2014, p.5)
  - - - "career was the task of understanding the effects of technology as it related to popular culture, and how this in turn affected human beings and their relations with one another in communities" (Kappelman, par. 1)
    - - The Tetrad
        
        Reverses
        
        Retrives
        
        Enhances
        
        Obsolesces
- - - - Explicit
        
        Obvious events/actions in the film.
      - Implicit
        
        Growth/change of characters in the film.
      - Referential
        
        Describes things that happen in the plot.
      - Symptomatic
        
        Relates film to prevalent themes in culture.
    - - Contextualist
        
        Considers the film as part of a broader context.
      - Formalist
        
        Examines the narrative structure and form of the film (
      - Realist
        
        How a film represents reality.
    - - Forms of Gaze
        
        intra-diagetic gaze
        
        character’s gaze upon another character/object in the text
        
        extra-diagetic gaze
        
        character address the viewer
        
        spectator’s gaze
        
        the spectator viewing the text
        
        Look of the camera
        
        the film director’s gaze
      - Direction of Gaze
        
        Divergent attention
        
        attention of those is directed towards different things
        
        Object-oriented
        
        those depicted are looking at the same object
        
        Reciprocal attention
        
        attention of those depicted is directed at each other
        
        Semi-reciprocal
        
        the attention of one person is on the other, whose attention is elsewhere
      - The Gaze
    - - Strong Determinism
        
        "is either a sufficient condition (sole cause) determining social organization and development, or at least a necessary condition (requiring additional preconditions)" (Chandler, par. 6)
      - Soft Determinism
        
        "the presence of a particular communication technology is an enabling or facilitating factor leading to potential opportunities which may or may not be taken up in particular societies or periods" (Chandler, par. 6).
    - - actors-network theory
        
        everything existing within the social world exists in constant motion as networks cause relationships to shift
      - social construction of technology
        
        human action has the power to shape technology
    - - technology as an extension of the mind