Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 15 a -- The Struggle for National Reconstruction (Early…
Chapter 15 a -- The Struggle for National Reconstruction
Early reconstruction
framers of the Constitution did not anticipate what the government would do if there was a Civil War
Lincoln's ten percent plan -- 10% of voters in each seceded state took a loyalty oath and approved the thirteenth amendment, they could rejoin the US
Congress proposes Wade-Davis plan -- oath of allegiance by majority of adult white males in each state and new governments in each state made by people who never took arms against the Union.
Andrew Johnson was not as morally talented as Lincoln and, in terms of reconstruction, favored the Southern elites
Georgians elected Alexander Stephens (the former Vice President of the Confederacy) for Congress -- Radical Republicans saw as last straw and tightened their power
Black Codes in the South -- designed to force African-Americans into plantation labor under a different name -- imposed penalties on those that did not have full year labor contracts and set up procedures for taking children to be "apprenticed" by white masters
Lincoln's assassination
April 1865 by southern Sympathizer John Wilkes Booth
confederates were blamed for the murder of Lincoln
Rise of Radical Republicans
Congress leaders would not let the Southern representatives into Congress for a few days. causing some states to drop the Black Codes
After Alexander -- Congress first time financially support Freedmen's Bureau (organization to support the new slaves -- help them find jobs, homes, connect with family, advice, and defense from unfair labor contracts
R. R passed the Civil Rights act of 1865 which allowed the former slaves to have equal access to the courts
After Johnson vetoed both the support of the Freedmen's Bureau, and the Civil Rights Act 1865 (which Congress passed anyway) Congress passed the 14th Amendment which finalized that U.S, citizens were all people who were born in this country (leaving some opportunity to gain citizenship) and that citizens could not be deprived of life, liberty, property without due process of the law -- they had equal protection by the law as well
Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stephens were the leaders of Radical Republicanism
Radical Reconstruction
Reconstruction Act of 1867 -- dividing the south into 5 military districts in which the US army would occupy and oversee the formation of the new governments and that they supported the thirteenth amendment and allowed blacks to vote
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson -- last straw for Congress was when Johnson suspended Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and giving the job to Grant hoping Grant would listen to him -- Senate overruled Stanton's suspension and Grant resign
Congress passed his impeachment because they thought that Johnson was plotting against Congress -- others didn't support his impeachment because they thought it threatened the power of checks and balances
Grant won the next election 1868 by a land slide because he was now even more of a Republican hero
passed the 15th amendment -- enabling all men to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude -- unfortunately the poll tax and literacy tests were still kept (RR didn't like this)
Woman's suffrage denied
15th amendment did not give voting rights to women -- they said that black male suffrage had to take priority -- the country had zero intention of fixing it -- many woman tried to vote by dressing as men etc.
Started the American Woman Suffrage Association, and the National Woman Suffrage Association
Minor v. Happersett -- ruled that not all citizens were guaranteed the right to vote -- ending the hope of quick suffrage negociated for women
some states gave white women the ability to vote as to counter the votes of black men
women's suffrage became a national topic