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New Media (Technology (Digital Media (Games Technology, Industry, and…

- - - - Marshall McLuhan
        
        Extension/Amputation
        
        Tetrad
        
        "What does it extend?"
        
        "What does it make obsolete?"
        
        "What is retrieved?"
        
        "What is reversed?"
        
        "Our essential role is to produce ever more sophisticated tools...until technology has developed the capacity to reproduce on its own."
      - All events are determined by existing causes, and the effects technology may have on it.
      - Nicolas Carr
        
        Four Categories
        
        "extend our physical strength"
        
        "range or sensitivity of our senses"
        
        "reshape nature to better serve our needs or desires"
        
        "extend or support our mental powers"
        
        "Every technology is an expression of human will."
    - - Technology is shaped by society.
      - Pinch and Bijker
        
        Social Construction of Technology
        
        Human actions shape technology.
      - Callon and Latour
        
        Actor-network Theory
        
        Everything exists in constantly shifting networks of relationship.
  - - - Video Games and Violence
        
        Potential Effects of Violent Media
        
        Aggression
        
        Desensitization
        
        Fear
        
        Opposing Evidence
        
        Lack of longitudinal studies
        
        One's ability to differentiate between fictional violence from reality
        
        Not considering other social factors
      - The Digital Realities
        
        Augmented Reality
        
        Virtual Reality
      - Learning with Video Games
        
        James Paul Gee
        
        Situated and Embodied Learning
        
        "The idea that we let some test made in a different state trump what happens outside of that learning will become primitive."
    - - The Digital Degree
        
        Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
      - Liberal Education
        
        Charles Elliot
        
        "Freedom of Choice"
      - Bundling of Higher Education
        
        The "unbundled" analogies
    - - The Internet Debate
        
        Clay Shirky
        
        "Every increase in freedom to create or consume media, from paperback books to YouTube, alarms people accustomed to the restrictions of the old system, convincing them that the new media will make young people stupid. This fear dates back to at least the invention of movable type."
        
        Nicolas Carr
        
        "...as we tend to be online, our brains are unable to forge the strong and expansive neural connections that give depth and distinctiveness to our thinking."
        
        William Poundstone
        
        "The great risk isn’t that the internet is making us less informed or even misinformed. It’s that it may be making us meta-ignorant — less cognizant of what we don’t know."
      - The Social Debate
        
        Larry Rosen
        
        "...the time and effort we put into our virtual worlds limit the time to connect and especially to communicate on a deeper level in our real world."
        
        Keith N. Hampton
        
        "What has changed is that communication technologies have made many of our relationships more persistent and pervasive. This, in turn, is transforming how we relate to those around us, in what are mostly positive ways."
  - - - Google-Knowing
        
        "We often adopt an attitude of default trust toward digitally acquired information. It therefore tends to swamp other ways of knowing; we pay attention to it more."
    - - The "Invisible World"
        
        'Using technology, we have redefined ourselves in such a way that our immediate surroundings and relationships, our immediate sensory perception of the world, are much diminished in relevance."
    - - Mastering Memory
        
        "Outsourcing more knowledge to computers will be no better or worse for us personally and collectively than putting ink on paper."