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Reproductive & Development (Male Reproductive Structures (Seminal…
Reproductive & Development
Oogenesis
monthly some primary mature to secondary
secondary matures to vesicular follicle
Primary oocyte arrested in prophase I
oocyte completes meiosis i; produces secondary oocyte
secondary oocyte arrested in second metaphase
when fertilized second oocyte completes meisosis II; becomes ovum
Male Reproductive Structures
Vas Deferens
through spermatic cord then down pelvic cavity
sperm leaving epididymis travel via vas
Seminal Vessicle
located posterior surface bladder
secretes alkaline fluid
joins with vas deferens; ejaculatory duct
Epididymis
site of sperm maturation
Ejaculatory Duct
runs through prostate
Seminiferous tubules
site of dividing germ cells
Prostate Gland
liquifies semen following ejaculation
secretes citric acid seminalpplasmin
Bulbourethral Glands
enters spongy urethra
produces mucin
serves as a lubricant during intercourse
Urethra
transports semen from ejaculatory ducts to outside of body
Hormones
Estrogen
assists with development of vesicular follicle
large amounts produced by vesicular follicle
Progesterone
stimulates Ant pituitary
corpus luteum secretes progesteron inhibiting hypothalamus and ant pituitary
FSH & LH
Male
FSH stimulates sustentacular cells; ABP keeps testosterone levels high
LH stimulates interstitial cells; testosterone secreted
Female
both stimulate follicular development
LH surge from Ant pituitary induces ovulation
corpus luteum forms under LH influence
GnRH
both male & female
stimulates Ant. pituitary to secrete FSH and LH
Testosterone
stimulates spermatogenesis; inhibits GnRH
stimulates libido and development of sex charactristics
Inhibin
Male
inhibits FSHsecretion
rising sperm count stimulates secretion of inhibin
Female
maturing ovarian follicles release inhibin
inhibits FSH
Menstrual Cycle
Secretory Phase
days 14-28
corpus luteum forming
progesterone and estrogen build uterine wall
corpus albicans forms afterwards
Proliferative Phase
vesicular follicle forming
estrogen levels on the rise; LH on the rise
days 6-14
ovulation at its peak day 14 as LH at its peak; estrogen high
Menstrual Phase
secondary follicle day 5
primary follicle within first 3 days
days 1-6
hormones at normal levels
time of menstrual flow; shedding of uterine lining
Spermatogenesis
spermiogenesis will begin with spermatids
Meiosis II begins with secondary and produce spermatids
haploid cells produced; secondary spermatocytes
primary spermatocyte as diploid begins meiosis I
Female Reproductive Structures
Uterus
houses implanted oocyte, from embryo to fetus
ejects fetus at birth
muscular organ in pelvis
menstruation of inner lining occurs if fertilization doesn't
Vagina
connects the uterus with outside of body
serves as the birth canal
serves as copulatory organ receiving penis during intercourse
serves as passageway for menstruation to outside of body
Fallopian Tubes
site of fertilization
aids in transport of oocyte to uterus
suspended off sup. part of uterus
captures ovulated oocyte with fimbriae
one on each side of uterus
Ovarian Follicle
contains oocyte surrounded by follicle cells
contains different stages of developing oocyte
primordial follicles
arrested in first meiotic prohase
primary oocyte
primary follicle
maturing oocyte with granulosa cell layer
secretion of estrogen
secondary follicle
fluid filled antrum created
many layers of granulosa cells
cumulus oophorus protects oocyte
zona pellucida translucent layer containig glyvoproteins
corona radiata innermost layer of cells
vesicular follicle
contains a secondary oocyte
oocyte arrested in second meiotic metaphase
only one per month
corpus luteum
left over from expelling of oocyte
yellowish structure
secretes progesterone and estrogen
corpus albicans
scar remnants after regression of luteum
become resorbed
located within ovary
Fetal Development
21-27
lungs maturing and practicing breathing
can survive at 24 wks out of womb
swallowing and hiccups occur
sense of touch adn fingerprints
taste buds
28-37
layer of fat develops
bones hardening
opening of eyes and hearing
triples weight
skin is pink and soft
baby will turn in womb
15-20
doubles in size
nervous system maturing
cartilage hardening in arm and leg bones
senses increase
38-40
labor induced
baby will travel through birth canal
contractions will push baby through
10-14 weeks
tissues organs maturing
vital organs functioning
facial features defiined
movements in womb
developing muscles
urine production
grimaces
Embryonic Development
circulatory and nervous system forming
drawing nutrients from placenta and umbilical cord
attachment protects cells
tail dissipates, more human features
inner cells baby outer cells placenta
blastocysts implants
Meiosis
Meiosis II
Metaphse II
spindle fibers attach
align sister chromatids at equator
Anaphase II
sister chromatids separated
single chromosomes
Prophase II
nuclear envelope breaks down
chromosomes cluster together with no crossing over
Telophase II and Cytokinesis
nuclear division finished
nuclear envelope reforms
4 daughter cells with 23 single chromosomes
Meiosis I
Metaphase I
chromosomes line up at equator
spindle fibers attach
Anaphase I
separation of pairs
chromosomes stay attached
Prophase I
homologous chromosomes pair up form tetrads
crossing over occurs
Telophase I and Cytokinesis
nuclear division finished
enveloped reform
2 cells with 23 replicated chromosomes