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Schools and Society Mind Map (Historical and Current Purposes of Schooling…

- - - - Economic: Grow the economy and educate students for competition in the global labor market, reduce poverty, and improve chances for employment.
        
        Equality of Opportunity: members of society given equal opportunity to pursue wealth and enter any occupation/social class.
        
        Common School Model: children all receive common education and have equal opportunity for economic success.
        
        Sorting Machine Model: Students sorted into ability groups
        
        High Stakes Model: High stakes testing used to evaluate student success. Passage of tests required for advancement to the next grade level in public school, graduation from high school, and licensing by the state.
- - - - Late 19th- early 20th century: Social welfare worker and vocational trainer.
        
        1920's- 1950's: Promote Americanism against fascist and communist ideals.
        
        1960's: Role of the teacher to serve as warriors in the war on poverty
        
        1970's-1980's: guide students into the labor market
        
        1990's: Role of the teacher to educate workers for the global economy.
        
        Currently: Teachers educate students based on curriculum provided by the Common Core State Standards, as well as provide students with knowledge needed to do well on standardized tests.
        
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- - - - 1954 Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka: School segregation declared unconstitutional. "Separate but equal" doctrine overturned.
        
        1964: Civil rights act denies federal funding to institutions that practice discrimination
        
        1966 National Organization For Women (NOW): NOW formed leading to a drive for equal treatment and educational opportunities for women.
        
        1972 Title IX Higher Education Act: outlaws gender discrimination in educational programs
        
        1975 Public Law 94-192: Education for All Handicapped Children Act: Equal education for all handicapped/disabled children
        
        Although racial segregation has been outlawed in public schools, there are still racial injustices that take place today. Minority students are more likely to attend schools in lower income neighborhoods.
        
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        Mexican American, Native American, and Asian American's have faced issues in gaining access to American education historically and currently.
- - - - National and State influences: teacher licensing and curriculum, as well as regulations and requirements for public, private, charter, and home schools.
        
        Federal control: The Federal government exerts control over the public school system by means of supplying categorical aid. States must accept requirements for accepting federal funds, such as implementing certain standards and programs.
        
        Local Influences- Local influences on public schooling come from electing representatives to school boards.
        
        School Choice: Parents given the ability to choose between different types of schooling such as public schools, private schools, online schooling, and charter schools.
        
        Charter Schools: A school choice that has gained popularity in recent years. Charter schools are public schools that are exempt from significant state or local rules. They cannot charge tuition and must comply with the same federal and state testing requirements as public schools.
        
        Standardized tests and the Common Core State Standards: Implemented in almost all U.S. states, provides curriculum for teachers to base lesson plans off of. Standardized tests are based on this curriculum.
        
        Teacher salary is based on student test results, as well as school ratings.