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Pneumonia (Medical Management (Antibiotics (<8 hours) (Pathogen…

- - - - Continue with antibiotic treatment if undefined
- - - - Younger than 1 year old
      - Older than 65 years old
    - - Laheij RJF, et al. (2004). Risk of community-acquired pneumonia and use of gastric acid-suppressive drugs. JAMA, 292(16): 1955-1960.
      - Herzig SJ, et al. (2009). Acid-suppressive medication use and the risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia. JAMA, 301(20): 2120-2128.
  - - - Bacterial
      - Viral
      - Fungal
      - Parasitic
    - - Very young
      - Very old
    - - Diabetes
      - Cancer
      - Impaired immune system
- - - - Acute infiltrate finding
    - - Serum Creatinine
      - Blood Urea Nitrogen
      - Complete Blood cell count/Differential
      - Blood Glucose levels
      - Electrolyte levels
    - - Staining bacteria to distinguish type for treatment purposes
    - - 2 cultures recommended pre-treatment (ISDA, 2017)
  - - - Severe chills with violent shivering
    - - With or without sputum (Acute)
      - Production or change in sputum color (Chronic)
    - - Abdominal pain
      - Anorexia
      - Fatigue
      - Headache
      - Muscle Pain
- - - - Bacteria spreads to spaces in between cells and in between adjacent alveoli
        
        Inflammation in the alveoli--Inflammatory response sends neutrophils and other WBC's to lungs
        
        Neutrophils engulf and kill infecting organisms
        
        During this process, neutrophils also release cytokines
        
        cytokines cause further activation of the immune system
        
        Systemic response: fever, chills, fatigue
        
        Neutrophils, bacteria, and fluid released from surrounding capillaries fill alveolar space
        
        2 more items...