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Urban Issues Key Idea 1 (Key Terms (LIC = Low Income Country (At least 50%…
Urban Issues Key Idea 1
Key Terms
Continent = a large land mass that usually has several countries in it, exception is Antarctica
Rural-urban migration = movement of people fro, the countryside to urban areas
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Rural areas = areas of countryside with small villages, scattered/isolated buildings
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Urban = a built up environment with buildings for housing, offices etc.
Natural increase = difference between birth and death rate of a country or place; when births exceed deaths
Urbanisation = increasing proportion of people living in towns and cities; greater % in urban and lower % in rural
Suburbanisation = movement of people from inner cities to the edges of cities to live, areas are called the suburbs
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Causes Of Urbanisation
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Natural increase
Accounts for approximately 60% of the population growth, caused by high birth rate and falling death rate. Occurs often in urban areas in LICs because it's generally young people who move to cities (between 18 and 35) and they're more likely to have children with better health and food services int the cities.
Urban Pull Factors
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Public utilities - piped water, electricity etc.
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Globally it is increasing with over 50% of people now living in urban areas. The rate varies between HICs and LICs.
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Urban Change in HICs
This is because they think urban areas are noisy, crowded etc. and therefore not good for their children. Schools are good in rural areas, also good transport means that they can commute to cities for work or work from home with the advancements in communication networks
HICs are experiencing a slow down in urbanisation, their urban areas grew throughout the 19th and 20th centuries so today, much of their urban populations are going to live in rural areas. This is known as counter-urbanisation
Urban Changes in LICs
People are moving (urbanisation) from rural areas where there's few jobs and poor healthcare/education, to the more built up urban areas but there still can be poor quality of life in a city. People move there to try and make money for their families who may still be out in the rural areas. this means that the cities are often very large and busy in LICs, and keep growing.