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DNA (DNA (DNA stores biological information, the fundamental and…
DNA
DNA
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the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something, especially when regarded as unchangeable
( animal,plants, fungi and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts.
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CHROMOSOMES
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Chromosomes carries genes and helps in inheritance of transfer of chromosomes from the parents offspring.
Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing the metaphase of cell division.
Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria, which lack histones, also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA.
GENES
gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA which codes for a molecule that has a function. The DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function.
The term gene was introduced by Danish botanist, plant physiologist and geneticist Wilhelm Johannsen in 1905.[
Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye color or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.
ALLELES
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An allele is a form of a gene. you get 2 alleles for a trait, one from each parent. A dominant allele is the allele that is shown in a person's phenotype
more than two alternative form of a gene in a population occupying same locus on a chromosome or its homologous are called multiple alleles example--------blood group in
human.
sugar phosphate backbone
The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the structural framework of nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA. This backbone is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, and defines directionality of the molecule.
DNA is a double-stranded helix, with the two long chain of nucleotides connected by hydrogen bonds it is molecule of life and include different amounts of four bases(adenine, thymine guanine and cytosine
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