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Nerve & Blood Supply to the Oral Cavity (Nerve supply of Oro-dental…
Nerve & Blood Supply to the Oral Cavity
Nerve supply of Oro-dental structures
Oral Mucosa
Primary the
oral mucosa
receives
nociceptive innervation
from the
maxillary and mandibular
divisions of the
trigeminal nerve
which also supplied the teeth and supporting structures
Salivary glands
Salivary glands
are supplied by
secretomotor parasympathetic
fibres from
facial and glossopharyngeal
nerves
Facial Muscles
Orofacial musculature
receives motor supply from
mandibular, facial, accessory and hypoglossal
nerves
Teeth
Mandibular:
Inferior alveolar
/ dental nerve
Maxillary:
superior alveolar
nerve (posterior, middle & anterior)
Afferents in the teeth (pulp)
Non-myelinated and small myelinated fibres-diameter > 6 micrometers with conduction velocities between 1-40m/s
Location of cell bodies
Ipsilateral
trigemical
ganglion projecting to
spinal and main sensory
nuclei of the
trigeminal
nerve in the brainstem
Tongue
Posterior 1/3
CN 9 (Glossopharyngeal nerve)— supplied taste and general sensation
Hard Palate
Greater Palantine, Lesser Palatine, Nasopalantine and Sphenopalatine
branches of the maxillary nerve
Blood Supply
Teeth and Jaws
Main arteries to the teeth and jaws are derived from the
maxillary artery
, a terminal branch of the
external carotid artery
Follows roughyly the same course as alveolar nerves
Face
is mainly supplied by the
facial artery
, a branch of the
external carotid artery
which form a rich anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side and other vessels
I.e. transverse facial branch of superficial temporal artery; infra-orbital and mental branches of the maxillary artery
Lymphatic drainage
Usually an orderly and sequential flow as follows
Submental
lymph nodes —>
Submandibular
nodes —>
upper jugular chain
Submandibular lymph node
receives lymph from external nose, cheeks, upper lip, anterior 2/3 of tongue
Clinical significance
Oral inflammation/ infection as well as Malignant disease (oral cancer) often spread in the usual way except with previous treatment and the skip metastasis phenomenon of tongue lesion > lower jugular vein