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Introduction of Psychology (Foundation: prevailing scope (Psycho analysis:…
Introduction of Psychology
The astonishing hypothesis: You, your joys and your sorrows, your identity and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity, and free will, are in fact no more than the behavior of a vast assembly of nerve cells and their associated molecules. Lewis Carroll: You're nothing but a pack of nerons.
Most people are dualists. Dualism can be found in all the religion and in most philosophical systems throughout history.
René Descartes: not like animals, the human is immaterial souls that process physical bodies. Human is composed of two parts: material bodies and immaterial mind. "What can I be sure of?" "I am myself thinking." "I knew that I was a substance, the whole essence or nature of which is to think, and that for its existence, there is no need of any place nor does it depend on any material thing."
Dualism is enmeshed in our language.
However, the mind is what the brain does
Dualism: 1. a profoundly unscientific doctrine;
Foundation: prevailing scope
Behaviorism: Skinner
Psycho analysis: Freud
Theories of Freud
The core declamation: man's intellectual importance
unconscious motivation
: visual perceptions, mental illnesses, dreams, slips of tongue: you might not know what-why you do what you do.
Three distinct process: id, ego superego, which are in violent internal conflicts.
id: polymorphous perversity
ego: the origin of unconscious, reality principle, how to make the way through the world? how to satisfy your pleasures? how to five up on them?
superego: the internalized rules of parents in society
Defence mechanism
sublimation
replacement
projection
rationalization
psychosexual development
Five stages of personal development: each of them is associated with a particular erogenous zone
the manifest and latent content of dreams
The literature carries certain universal themes, certain aspect of unconscious struggles, and certain preoccupations of our unconscious mind
Religion: the idea of finding a singular, all-powerful god as seeking of a father figure
Scientific assessment about Freud
His theories can be so vague and all-encompassing that is so difficult to test.
Vagueness and flexibility: Karl Popper's "falsifiability", which distinguishes science and non-science. "They are not even wrong!" The Freudian theories cannot be really tested in any reliable way. There is no or litter evidence to support these claims.
Despite the unreliable, the importance of dynamic of unconscious is intact.