Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
2.1 SPECIES AND POPULATIONS (Population interactions (Competition…
2.1 SPECIES AND POPULATIONS
Species
A group of organisms sharing the common characteristics that interbreed and produce fertile offsprings
Habitat
The environment in which a species normally lives
Niche
The particular set of abiotic and biotic conditions and resources to which an organism or population responds
Population
A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time, and which are capable of interbreeding
Abiotic factors
Non living, physical factors that influence the organisms and ecosystems (temperature, salinity, pH, sunlight)
Biotic factors
The living components of an ecosystems that directly or indirectly affect another organism
Limiting factors
Factors which slow down growth of a population as it reaches its carrying capacity
Carrying capacity
The maximum number of a species that can be sustainably supported by a given area
Population interactions
Competition
Intraspecific
between members of the same species
competition continues until reach the carrying capacity of the population
tends to stabilize the population numbers
illustrated by a sigmoid or a logistic growth curve
Interspecific
between members of different species
competitive exclusion
Predation
Consumption of one organism by another
Herbivory
An animal eating a green plant
Some have defense mechanism (thorns, toxic chemicals)
Parasitism
Relationship between two species in which one species lives in or on another host, gaining food.
Mutualism
Relation between two or more species in which all benefit and none suffer
Population changes
S-curve
Exponential growth, growth rate slows down gradually, results in a population of constant size
lag phase
to
exponential phase
to
stationary phase
Area between exponential growth curve and the S -curve is called the environmental resistance
J-curve
Grows exponentially, sudden collapse (diebacks)
Typical of microbes, invertebrates, small mammals
