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CHRONIC LYMPHOID LEUKEMIAS (B-CLL (Cell Markers (Proliferative markers: …

- - - - lymphocytosis >5 G/l
        
        <5G/l if chronic duration
        with characteristic small mature lymphocytes without visible nucleoli; smudge cells
        characteristic immunophenotype CD5+,19+, 23+; FMC7-; weak or-CD22, 77b,sIg
        Monoclonal expression of either  or 
        
        BM: not required for diagnosis
        necessary to clarify the etiology of cytopenias
        to determinethe extent of involvment
        to confirmCR
  - - - Agents targeting BCR pathway
        1.Bruton’s kinase inhibitor: IBRUTINIB
        2.Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor (PI3Kδ): IDELALISIB
      - Inhibitor of antiapopticprotein BCL2: VENETOCLAX