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Class and Achievement: External Factors (To combat External Factors '…
Class and Achievement: External Factors
External Factors
Material Deprivation
Cultural Capital
Cultural Deprivation
Bernstein- Speech Codes
Restricted code
WC use this,leads to underachievement as the language is broken and lacks grammar
Elaborate Code
MC use it, complex language used and includes abstract thinking, Queens English
Language
Ferstein (2008)
= This is usually how MC parents speak- usually uses priase
Habtis et al
= Where language challenges reasoning children perform better
Bereiter and Englemen (1996)
= Language used in Working-class homes is deficient, increased use of gestures , single words and disjointed phrases
Sugarman- Working Class Subculture
Lack of Parental interest= reflects the subcultural values of the working-class
4 KEY FEATURES OF WC SUBCULTURE
Collectivism
Fatalism
Present time Orientation
Immediate Gratification
WC internalise these beliefs through socialisation = UNDERACHIEVEMENT
To combat External Factors 'Compulsory Education' was introduced through Government Policy
Provide extra Resources to schools in deprived areas
Intervene in the Socialisation process
Sesame street was apart of this
Educational priority areas, education action zones and sure start in the UK
AO3
Rejects WC parents are interested but are working so can not attend meetings and parents evening
Troyna and Williams
- Problem is not childs language but schools attitude towards it= Speech Hierachys
Keddie
= People are not culturally deprived but culturally different to the educational system