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Pigs: Genetics and Breeding (Basics of Pig Breeding (Simple inheritance…
Pigs: Genetics and Breeding
Basics of Pig Breeding
Simple inheritance (single gene - not many important economic traits of this type)
Complex inheritance (group of genes - economically important)
Variance (breeding based on variation)
Heritability (additive genetic variance with values range from 0-1)
1st Consideration
Genetically selecting the best traits
Growth (feed conversion rate, weight/growth rate) (MALE)
Carcass (Back fat depth low, lean percentage, Dressing percentage - high percentage of saleable products)
Reproductive (litter size, farrowing frequency, puberty) FEMALE
Other traits (milk production, meat quality)
Why is selection important?
Economic
Easy to measure
Easy to import
2nd Consideration
What Breeds Should We Use?
Male requirements: Landrace, large white, hampshire
Reproductive: large white, landrace
3rd Consideration: How Do We Change The Traits Of Pigs?
Genetic selection: performance and progeny testing
Crossbreeding hybrid vigour (maternal, offspring, paternal)
Distribution of genes: replacement of population
How Do We Cross Or Mix Breeds?
Female - complementarity (preferred breed mix)
Male - complementarity (terminal sire line)
Current and Future Developments
Introduction of transgenic pigs
Statistical methods to improve the accuracy of selection
Sex determination