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Winter games pitch construction (Wembley stadium (non-football events…
Winter games pitch construction
Introduction
most winter sports are played on natural turf and indigenous soils
throughout winter
grass not growing
precipitation is high
restricted budget
overly keen managers
want maximum use of the pitch
Pitch usage
subject to intensive use
wear
football
a diamond shape
rugby
damage to the wings
american football
along the centre
damage is worse under wet conditions
Construction options
aims to improve
free-draining
hard wearing
good standard of playing quality
ways to reach aims
dependent on
the construction/renovation
maintenance budget
important for after construction
public sector
small scale
cheaper
lower expectations
less exating specifications
pipe drains plus heavy sand dressing
silt drainage
sand carpet (wetter areas only)
sand amelioration
Professional
complete sand carpet
sand dominated rootzone over gravel layer
larger scale
bigger budget
greater expectations
similar to USGA
in some stadia the gravel raft is replaced with 'Permavoid' system
traps and stores water
higher spec
increased construction cost
increased maintenance budget
Rootzone reinforcements
artificial reinforcement materials can be added to the rootzone
Fibresand
polypropylene fibers are incorporated into the rootzone
aiding root strength + surface stability
rootzone can be used as a normal construction rootzone
Desso grassmaster
Polypropylene fibers are pushed/knitted into the surface following construction of the pitch
aids root and sward strength
aids surface stability
SISGrass
Loksand
xtragrass
laid as a carpet during construction and filled with rootzone
then seeded as normal
aids surface stability + rooting
Advantages
improved grass retention
protection of crown tissue
stronger rooting
less compaction
load spreading
reduced shearing
better playing quality
less divots
better traction
firmer surface
Disadvantages
high construction cost
more time consuming construction
dependent on reinforcement
occasional problem with levels
careful renovation needed
suggested increase hardness with time
Wembley stadium
re-turfed 11 times in the first 5 years
£100K per time
non-football events
need for income
compromised the pitch prep + management
described as hard underneath and soft on the surface
June 2010
pitch was renovated
Desso grassmaster sports system was installed
strengthen playing surface
provide the playing quality required
management implemented different repayment model
less non-football events
Artificial surface
are now at the generation 3 stage
G3 or 3rd Gen
when laying a base a 450mm a deep pit is dug out
filled with a stone base
to allow drainage
stone or a bitumous layer can be used
open weave to allow drainage
the base layer
rubber shock pads are laid
can be of different consistencies depending on the sport
artificial grass surface is laid on top
silica sand is used to backfill a G3 carpet
layer of rubber crumb on top to give a final surface