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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) carcinoid (NETs usually behave according to…
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) carcinoid
Origin:
Neuroendocrine cells
Site:
GIT (majority)
Appendix (most common)
small intestine (esp. ileum)>
stomach>
rectum>
colon, pancreas and biliary tree
Tracheobronchial tree and lung
All NETs are potentially malignant tumors
NETs usually behave according to their
Depth of local penetration.
Size of the tumor: > 2 cm
Site:
Midgut
foregut
Hindgut
(i.e. appendix rarely Mets.)
Under the Microscope:
Islands, trabeculae, glands (that's
why it's important to differentiate it
from adenocarcinoma)
sheets of
uniform cells with scant, cytoplasm
and a round stippled nucleus
Grossly:
Solid yellow - tan submucosal
mass
Clinical correlations
asymptomatic.
The secretory products of some carcinoids can produce a variety of syndromes
or endocrinopathies
→ e.g. CARCINOID SYNDROME
Rarely produce local symptoms
(due to angulation or obstruction of small
intestine)