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1.3.4 Through what process is carbon moved (or exchanged)? (Respiration…
1.3.4
Through what process is carbon moved (or exchanged)?
Respiration
Moving carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere
Carbohydrates
converted into
CO2
and
water
.
Reverse of photosynthesis
All organisms respire
Occurs all the time
Precipitation
Moving carbon from the atmosphere to the ocean and land
Rainwater dissolved atmospheric carbon dioxide forming a
weak carbonic acid
.
ANTHROPEGENIC EMISSIONS
cause changes in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere
This results in an increase in acidity of rainfall.
damages building
reduces growth of trees and crops
lower pH in lakes therefore, effects ecosystems.
Increased acidity of ocean surfaces
harmful to marine life
Photosynthesis
Moving carbon from the atmosphere to the biosphere
The flux of carbon
from the atmosphere to land plants and phytoplankton
via photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide is absorbed and exchanged into
glucose
Weathering
Moving carbon from the lithosphere into the hydrosphere and atmsophere
The breakdown of rocks in situ
Carbonation weathering
- most effective under the soil because higher conc. of CO2 = v. acidic rainwater
Freeze-thaw
breaks rock down into smaller pieces. - Increases surface area of exposed rock
Biological
Chelation
- organisms such as lichens and moss produce acids - beak down rock
Rainwater mixed with dead and decaying organic material in the soil form
humic acids
which attack the rock.
Decomposition
Moves carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere and pedosphere
Organisms such as
bacteria
and
fungi
breakdown dead organic material. Extracting energy and releasing
carbon dioxide
to the atmosphere and nutrients of soil
Fastest in warm humid environments (rain forests)
Combustion
Moving carbon from the biosphere to the atmosphere
Occurs when organic material reacts or burns in the presence of oxygen
Release CO2
as well as other gses
Combustion can be
natural
Wildfires
Human activity
Burning of fests to improve grassland
Burning of fossil fuels