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Germany - Rise of Hitler (Road to Chancellor (The Wall Street Crash…

- - - - Publicity which often gives false or exaggerated theme to make people believe something
      - From 1930 mass rallies held in major cities
      - Nazis published 8 newspapers to spread their message, Der Sturmer (the Attacker)
      - Large poster/pamphlets campaigns voice simple views directly
      - Propaganda shown repeatedly before films (cinema) and on radio
      - Josef Goebbels (1st spin doctor) was in charge of propaganda
    - - Hitler told people what they wanted to hear (some were empty)
      - Told business owners he'd protect them from Communists
      - Told farmers he'd give guaranteed prices for products
      - At a time of 6 million unemployed, he promised jobs
    - - Hitler had backing of rich wealthy business classes, they funded everything
      - Alfred Hugenburg was a business man who gave Hitler; Finance, Influential contacts, Media
      - Alfred thought he could control Hitler to promote his party, but it backfired and the Nazis got a boost
    - - Hitler reorganised the party to spread across Germany
      - Party Pyramid In Book
  - - - Old and not clear in his thinking
      - Didn't like Hitler, beloved he was a threat to democracy
      - Could appoint and fire chancellors at will
    - - In short: Hitler was far more stable than anyone in the government. He rose to power due to the incompetence of his opponents
      - Both try to use Hitler to gain his supporters
      - Both fail at being chancellor, when reelections keep happening Hitlers party gets upvoted and causes Hitler to become chancellor on 30th January 1933
      - Von Papen was Chancellor for short time and wanted to use Hitler to own political gain
      - General von Schleicher needed to become Chancellor with Hitler's help to get his supporters
      - Both von Papen and von Schleicher fail to bring stability to Germany because they are too busy arguing over power
- - - - Hitler called for another election
        
        Nazis needed to dominate the Reichstag - 2/3 needed
        
        so Nazis could pass laws without other parties help
        
        Communists were still a problem
      - Days from the election the Reichstag burst into flames, 27 Feb
      - Police found Marius von der Lubbe (later executed) a 24 year old communist dutchman beside the building with fire making materials
      - Hitler immediately claimed the Communists were trying to start a revolution
      - Meant he could get every communist shot and arrested, within hours 4000 had been arrested
    - - Hitler called for Article 48 to be enabled
      - He agreed making a temporary one (The Reichstag Fire Law)
      - New law destroyed the Fundamental Laws, newspapers censored, private letters and phone calls checked, no expressing opinions, no societies or associations
      - Hitler used the fire into making people believe only he could protect them
      - As election closed in, Germans were bombarded with anti-communist propaganda and SA intimidated voters outside polls
      - Nazis won 288 seats in election and were now stronger than ever
  - - - Have complete control
      - Make laws without Reichstag or relying on other parties
      - Take over local government and police, 26 April 1933
      - Ban trade unions, 2 May 1933
      - Ban other political parties, 14 July 1933
  - - - Pleased the army because they inherited the whole SA
      - Every person who could overthrow Hitler was gone making him more secure
      - Possible up to 400 people killed
      - Hitler claimed the murdered had planned to overthrow him, openly said that he gave the order 'to shoot the ringleaders in this treason'