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Group Dynamics & Leading Effective Teams (Cohesiveness (Sense of we…
Group Dynamics & Leading Effective Teams
Groups
2 or more freely interacting individuals who share collective norms & goals & have common identity
Types of Groups
Function of Formal Groups:
Organisational Functions
Individual Functions
Informal Group
Tuckman's 5-stage Theory of Grp Development
Forming>Storming>Norming>Peforming>Adjourning
Extended Tuckman's Thoery: +Group Decay
Roles
Expected behaviours for a given position
Role Conflict:
Others have conflicting/inconsistent expectations
Role Overload:
Other's expectations exceed one's ability
Norm
Shared attitudes, opinions, feelings/actions that guide social behaiour
How norms are developed:
Explicit statements by supervisors/co-workers
Critical events in grp's history
Primacy
Carryover behaviour from past situation
Why norms are enforced:
Grp/Org survival
Clarification of behavioural expectations
Avoidance of embarrassment
Clarification of central values/unique identity
Task roles: Keep group on track
Maintenance Roles: Keep Group tgt
Threats to grp effectiveness:
Asch effect:
Distortion of individual judgment by a unanimous but incorrect opposition
Groupthink:
High pressure to conform & agree & are unwilling to realistically view alternatives
Social Loafing: Decrease in individual effort as grp size increases
Team
Small grp with complementary skills who hold themselves mutually accountable for common purpose, goals & approach
Evolution of teams
Characteristics of effective teamwork:
Clear purpose, informality, participation, listening, civilised disagreement, consensus decision, open communication, clear roles & work, shared leadership, external relations,style diversity, self-assessment
Why work team fails
Mistakes by manager
Mistakes by team members
Effective teamwork
Requires cooperation rather than competition
Cohesiveness
Trust reciprocal faith in others' intentions & behaviour
Cognitive leap
Faith in other person's good intention
Assumption that other person will behave as desired
To build trust
Communication, Support, Respect, Fairness, Predictability, Competence
Cohesiveness
Sense of we-ness in a grp
Socio-emotional cohesiveness, based on emotional satisfaction
Instrumental cohesiveness, based on mutual dependency needed to get job done
Steps to enhance
Manage virtual teams
Attribute of high performance teams:
Participative leadership, shared responsibility, aligned on purpose, high communication, future focused, task focused, creative talents, rapid response