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Leadership (Trait Theory (Leader trait is a physical/personality…
Leadership
Trait Theory
Leader trait is a physical/personality characteristic that can be used to differentiate leaders from followers
Stogdill & Mann's 5 traits: intelligence, dominance, self-confidence, level of energy & activity, task-relevant knowledge
Implicit Leadership Theory: Leadership prototype>mental representation of traits & behaviours that ppl believe are possessed by leaders
Kouzes & Posner's 4 traits: Honesty, forward-looking, inspiring, competent
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Judge & colleagues: importance of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness; importance of personality over intelligence
Kellerman's bad traits: incompetent, rigid, intemperate, callous, corrupt, insular, evil
Situational Theories
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Fiedler's Contingency Theory:
2 main leadership styles: Task-motivated. relationship motivated>
3 dimensions of Situational Control:
- Leader-Member Relations
- Task Structure
- Position Power
House's Path-Goal Theory:
4 leadership styles: Directing, Supportive, Participative, Achievement-oriented
2 grps of contingency variables: Employee Characteristics, Environmental Factors
4 leadership styles+contingency factors>Leadership effectiveness
Application: 1. Identify important outcome
- Identify relevant leadership behaviours
- Identify situational conditions
- Match leadership to conditions at hand
- Determine how to make the match
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Full Range Model
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Transformational
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Individual & Organisational Characteristics> Leader Behaviour>Effects on followers & work grps>Outcomes
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Leader-Member Exchange
In-group exchange: Partnership with mutual trust, respect, liking, sense of common fate
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