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Introduction to Programming Language (Life cycle of software project…
Introduction to Programming Language
Fundamentals of Programming Languages
:pencil2: Programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
:pencil2: Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the machine to express algorithms precisely
:pencil2: Programming languages can be divided into 3 types. They are machine language, assembly language and high level languages.
There are Two way to do this
:pencil2: Compile the program
:pencil2: intrerpret the program
Generation of programming language
First Generation (1940-1956)
Machine Language
:explode: Use a binary code that consists of strings of only zeroes (0) and ones. (1) .
:explode: The use of binary code is difficult to learn and use.
:explode: The first computers uses vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
Second Generation (1956-1963)
Assembly Language
:explode: Uses mnemonics code that consists of very short words for commands.
:explode: Assembly language programs need to be converted into machine language by an assembler before it can be run.
:explode: The vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors since they are more superior, smaller, faster, cheaper, energy efficient and more reliable.
Third Generation (1964-1971)
High Level Language
:explode: High – level languages introduced data structures and control structures .
:explode: Third generation languages are portable or machine independent where a program written from one computer can also be use by another computer however the source code must be recompiled by a language compiler by the other computer.
:explode: This generation uses integrated circuits . Fortran, Algol 60 & 68, Pascal C and ADA are examples of this.
Forth Generation (1971-PRESENTS)
Declarative Language (Higher-Level Language)
:explode: Fourth Generation Languages are more advance than traditional high level Programming languages because it uses English like commands that do not require traditional input-process-output.
:explode: The programmers focuses on what needs to be done rather than how to do it and it also incorporates graphical development environments.
:explode: This generation uses micro-processors where thousand and thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
:explode: Eg : Standard ML, Lisp, SQL and visual basic.
Fifth Generation (PRESENTS-BEYOND)
Artificial Intelligence
:explode: Fifth Generation Languages are basically an outgrowth of artificial intelligence research from the 1980s.
:explode: The approach is to build a program that implements a specific algorithm to solve problems. Artificial Intelligence
Life cycle of software project phases
Planning
:star: Without the perfect plan,
calculating the strengths and weaknesses of the project, development of software is meaningless.
:star: Planning kicks off a project flawlessly and affects its progress positively.
Analysis
:star: This step is about analyzing the performance of the software at various stages and making notes on additional requirements.
:star: Analysis is very important to proceed further to the next step.
Design
:star: Once the analysis is complete, the step of designing takes over, which is basically building the architecture of the project.
:star: This step helps remove possible flaws by setting a standard and attempting to stick to it.
Development & Implementation
:star: The actual task of developing the software starts here with data recording going on in the background.
:star: Once the software is developed, the stage of implementation comes in where the product goes through a pilot study to see if it’s functioning properly.az
Testing
:star: The testing stage assesses the software for errors and documents bugs if there are any.
Maintenance
:star: Once the software passes through all the stages without any issues, it is to undergo a maintenance process wherein it will be maintained and upgraded from time to time to adapt to changes.
:star: Almost every software development Indian company follows all the six steps, leading to the reputation that the country enjoys in the software market today.
Life cycle of a software project and programming
The systems development life cycle (SDLC) used in systems engineering, information systems and software engineering to describe a process of planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system
The stage of system development Life cycle
:fountain_pen: Intiation
:fountain_pen: System concept development
:fountain_pen: Planning
:fountain_pen: Requirements analysis
:fountain_pen: Design
:fountain_pen: Development
:fountain_pen: Intergerationn & Test
:fountain_pen: Implementation
:fountain_pen: Operation & Maintenance
:fountain_pen: Documentation