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17.2 (Northern Writers Try to Reform Society (Italian humanists were very…

- - - - The northern humanists were critical
        of the failure of the Christian Church to inspire people to live a Christian life.This criticism produced a new movement known as Christian humanism
        
        The humanists promoted the education of women and
        founded schools attended by both boys and girls
      - Values & Beliefs
  - - - Erasmus believed in a Christianity of the heart, not one of ceremonies
        or rules.
        
        Thomas More tried to show a better model of society. In 1516, he wrote the
        book Utopia.
        
        The book is about an imaginary land
        where greed, corruption, and war have been weeded out.
        
        What similarities were there in the work of Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More?
        
        Religion
  - - - Writing in French, she produced many books, including short stories,
        biographies, novels, and manuals on military techniques.
        
        Christine de Pizan was one of the first European writers to question
        different treatment of boys and girls
      - What made Christine de Pizan unusual for her time and place?
      - Answer for question above
- - - - Paintings and sculptures portrayed individuals and nature in more realistic and lifelike ways.
        
        Artists created works that were secular as well as those that were religious.
        
        Writers began to use vernacular languages to express their ideas.
        
        The arts praised individual achievement.
      - Identity
  - - - A greater availability of books prompted an increased desire for learning and a rise in literacy throughout Europe.
        
        Published accounts of new discoveries, maps, and charts led to further discoveries in a variety of fields.
        
        Published legal proceedings made the laws clear so that people were more likely to understand their rights.
        
        Christian humanists’ attempts to reform society changed views about how life should be lived.
        
        Change
        
        How did printing and publishing affect social reforms?
  - - - The impact of the movable type printing press was tremendous.
        
        Some historians have suggested that its effects were even more dramatic than the arrival of personal computers in the 20th century.
        
        Leadership
      - In what ways did renaissance art connect to the past?
- - - - German Painters
        
        Albrecht Dürer was a German artist
        
        He traveled to Italy to study in 1494.
        
        After returning to Germany, Dürer produced woodcuts and engravings. Many of his prints portray religious subjects. Others portray classical myths or realistic landscapes.
        
        The popularity of Dürer’s work helped to spread Renaissance styles.
        
        Dürer’s emphasis upon realism influenced the work of another German artist, Hans Holbein
        
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        Albrecht Dürer
      - Change
  - - - The first great Flemish Renaissance painter was Jan van Eyck
        
        he used recently developed oil-based paints to develop techniques painters still use. By applying layers of paint, van Eyck was able to create clothing and jewels.
        
        van Eyck’s paintings display unusually realistic details and reveal the personality of their subjects.
        
        Flemish painting reached its peak after 1550 with the work of Pieter Bruegel the Elder
        
        Peasant Wedding
        
        What can be learned about people’s daily lives from examining the painting “Peasant Wedding”?
        
        Where people lived, what they ate, how they dressed, and how they celebrated.
      - Culture
- - - - Period known as Elizabethan Age. Reigned from 1558-1603
        
        Elizabethan was educated and spoke French, Italian, Latin and Greek
        
        Elizabeth also wrote poetry and music. Although as queen she didn't support the English art and literature development.
        
        How did the Elizabethan Age reflect the values of the Italian Renaissance?
        
        Elizabethan age begins
      - How did Elizabeth I contribute to the Renaissance?
      - Change
  - - - Shakespeare was born in 1564 near London
        
        1592 he lived and was writing poems and plays in London, and soon he would be preforming at the Globe Theater.
        
        His worked displayed a masterful command of the English language and a better understanding of the english language.
        
        Many of his plays pointed out flaws in humans.
        
        Biography
        
        Identity
- - - - The writing system contains thousands of different character so printers found movable type very important.
      - Why do you think the Bible was the first book printed with movable type?
  - - - They then were able to print books quickly and easily. Gutenberg printed a complete Bible which was the first full sized bible to be printed.
      - How would you compare and contrast the impact of the printing press and the impact of the internet
- - - - When the Hundred Years’ War between ended in 1453, many cities grew rapidly.
        
        Urban merchants became wealthy enough to sponsor artists.
        
        England and France were unified under strong monarchs.
        
        These rulers often sponsored the arts by purchasing paintings and by supporting artists and writers.
        
        As Renaissance ideas spread out of Italy, they mingled with northern traditions. As a result, the northern Renaissance developed its own character.
        
        The Renaissance ideal of human dignity inspired some northern humanists to develop plans for social reform based on Judeo-Christian values.
        
        How did the Northern Renaissance differ from the Italian Renaissance?
        
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        Northern Renaissance
        
        Why and how did an increase in wealth affect the spread of the renaissance?
        
        By allowing artist to have the backing of wealthy families and merchants it allowed them to produce more art.
        
        Hundred Years’ War
        
        Culture