Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Unit 10: Music with Logic (Ch. 52 (arnold schoenberg (1874-1951) (active…
Unit 10: Music with Logic
Ch. 52
evolution of musical expressionism
redefine the new
next step in music evolution-not revolutionary
expressionism
break from tradition
dissonance does not have to resolve consonance
reject tonality
german expressionism
psyche
edward munch
music
hyper expressive harmonies
wide melodic leaps
instruments in their extreme ranges
arnold schoenberg (1874-1951)
active teacher in vienna
students berg and webern
rejection of tonality
method of composing with 12 tones
usc- due to ww2
ucla later
3 compositional periods
post romantic, atonal expressionist, 12 tones
Ch.62
Mid 20th century American experimentalists
blending of ideas
innovative
new scales and harmonies
various cultures
use of various sound sources
highly virtuosic instrumental or vocal effects
early experimentation
Henry Cowell (1897-1965)
combined Asian instruments with western ensembles
music from iran, india, japan
foreign scales with western chords
pre cursor to prepared piano
tone clusters for piano
group notes played with fist, forearm and palm
plucking piano strings directly
tiger- tone cluster ex.
Harry Partch (1901-1974)
proponent of microtones
developed a scale with 43 microtones to the octave
built/adapted instruments to play it
focus melody and timbre- not harmony
adapted indian and african instruments to fit tuning
cloud chamber bowls- made glass
cone gongs- made metal
gourd trees
John Cage (1912-1992)
born in LA
early interest in non western scales
cowell mentor
in 1938, invented the prepared piano
indeterminacy, aleatoric, and chance music
explored the role of silence in 4'33"
raised profound questions about the nature of music
eternally questioning artist
George Crumb (1929)
retired from composition faculty of the university of PA in 1999
special affinity for the poetry of lorca
lorcas poetry in his song cycle ancient voices of children and in his four books of madrigals
unusual vocal and instrumental effects
creates new sonorities
turns ordinary instruments into the extraordinary
Ch.64
Reich and Minimalist Music
Musical Minimalism
rejection of 12 tone music
new, scientific way to approach stable harmonies was found in process music which became minimalism
process music: a few notes repeating over and over and often elaborating
developed through technology into phase music
record snippet of audio then loop
changing speeds causes music to go in and out of phrase
phase music later by live musicians
Steve Reich- 1936
born in NYC
studied modernist composition at Julliard
wanted to write tpnal music
pioneered and process music
other cultures
west african drumming and balinese gamelan
judaic heritage central to many works
"different trains"- won grammy
LG
43
Schoenbergs Pierrot Lunaire
1912
song cycle on 21 poems by Giraud, german translation
poems about pierrot a poet/rascal/clown
bizarre and macabre
set for a female vocalist and chamber ensemble
sprechstimme: a new vocal style in which the vocal melody is spoken rather than sung
klangfarbenmelodie: each note of a melody is played by a different instrument
No.18, the moonfleck
pierrot disturbed by a white spot on his black jacket; rubs and rubs but can not get rid of it (just a patch of moonlight)
fuges, canons in accompaniment
55
Sonata V
1946-48
16 sonatas in 4 groups- separated by interludes
for prepared piano
materials inserted between the piano strings
varied timbres
58
Reich, Electric Counterpoint
1987
last of a series of works he called counterpoint
chamber work for guitar and tape
12 guitars with pre recorded tracks layered within
very different approach to harmony and complexity from goal-directed tonality
the hook (short repeated musical idea)
less the initial musical idea, but how that idea is gradually combined with itself