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The Northern Renaissance (Northern Writers Try To Reform Society (Magnum),…
The Northern Renaissance
Northern Writers Try To Reform Society (Magnum)
Womans Reform
During this time period the vast majority of Europeans were illiterate.
Familys who couldnt afford formal schooling usually sent only sons.
Christine de Piza was highly educated for the time and was one of the first women to earn a living as a writer.
Christine de Pizan wanted formal education for both sexes.
What might change in writing if more females were educated?
People would get more knowledge and more variety
Change
They were changing the culture by sending both sexes to school
Italian humanists were very interested in reviving classical languages and texts.
Cristian Humanists
The best known Christian humanists was Desiderius Erasmus of Holland and Thomas More of England(who were close friends)
Erasmus wrote a funny book called
The Praise of Folly
Erasmus was a christian at heart, not one of ceremonies or rules
He thought in order to improve society all people should study the
Bible
.
Thomas more tried to show a better model of society. He wrote a book called
Utopia
it was about what he thought ideal was.
What might have happened if everyone studied the Bible?
I think if more people had a knowledge on it more people would be able to understand each other. Its nice to have a common knowledge on things.
The Praise of Folly
Religeon
Erasmus thought everyone should have a knowledge on it.
When the ideas reached the north people used them to examine traditional teachings of the church.
Northern humanists were critical of the failure of the Christian church to inspire people to live a Christian life.
The humanists promoted the education of woman and founded schools attended by both boys and girls.
Notable Humanists
Artistic Ideas Spread (Megan)
Flemish Painters
Flanders became the artistic center of Europe. Jan van Eyck was a great oil painter that developed different techniques
Pieter Bruegel was another painter who used lots of detail and realism
Oil painting became popular and spread to Italy
What can be learned about people’s daily lives from examining the painting “Peasant Wedding”?
The painting shows what they would have looked like and how they interact with each other. They all look friendly towards one another.
Pattern
: It became a trend/pattern to paint realistically with oil paint
German Painters
Hans Holbein was another German artist who was a painter. He made very realistic portrait paintings. He painted portraits of the English royal family
https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/hans-holbein-the-younger
Albrecht Dürer was a famous German artist who studied in Italy. He made woodcuts and engravings that portrayed classical myths or landscapes
https://www.albrecht-durer.org/
What factors might have influenced the trend toward a more realistic style of art?
The Renaissance's art was more earthly and realistic. New techniques allowed art to become more realistic as well.
Change
: The styles of art became different as time progressed
An invasion in northern Italy drove Italian artists to Europe, where it would be safer
They brought their styles and techniques to Europe
Northern European artists who studied in Italy brought back those ideas as well
The Northern Renaissance Begins (JT)
By 1450, the population of Northern Europe was starting to rise again from the Bubonic Plague.
After the end of the 100 years war in 1453, Urban merchants were wealthy enough to sponsor artists.
Artists' patronage increased as well.
Italy was divided into city-states, whereas England and France were ruled by Monarchs.
Monarchs purchased paintings and arts to support artists and writers.
Government Systems
Francis the I invited Leonardo da Vinci to retire in France, and retired various artists and architects to rebuild and redecorate his castle, Fontainbleau.
Fontainbleau
How did the Northern Renaissance differ from the Italian Renaissance?
-- Italian Renaissance was focused on Idealism then it started to mix with the Northern Renaissance and it started looking at Realism.
The Elizabethan Age (Jayden)
William Shakespeare
His works display a masterful command of the English language and a deep understanding of human beings.
He revealed the souls of men and women through scenes of dramatic conflict.
Shakespeare revered the classics and drew on them for inspiration and plots.
Shakespeare also had one of his characters deliver a speech the expresses the Renaissance's high view of human nature.
William Shakespeare was the most famous writer. He was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon.
Government: Elizabeth reigned from 1558 to 1603
Renaissance spread to the mid-1500's.
What are two ways in which Shakespeare's work-showed Renaissance influences?
Shakespeare's most famous plays include Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and Juliet, and King Lear, and the comedies A Midsummer Night's Dream and The Taming of the Shrew.
http://shakespeare.mit.edu
Printing Spreads Renaissance Ideas
Johann Gutenberg created a printing press that made producing things cheap and efficient in 1440
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johannes-Gutenberg
Books were now cheaper to make, and a lot more people could buy them
The Chinese invented block printing, and movable type movable type was invented
The Legacy of the Renaissance
Changes in Society
Literacy rates rose in Europe
New discoveries, maps, and charts were published
Printing made information more available
People questioned political and religious ideas
The Renaissance had lots of artistic and social change. Different inventions made communication easier, like the movable-type printing press
Change in the Arts
Art wasn't as religious
Writers started using vernacular
Paintings became more realistic
https://static.pexels.com/photos/356378/pexels-photo-356378.jpeg