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Disability (Extent (Risk Factors - high risk of smoking and insufficient…
Disability
Extent
Risk Factors - high risk of smoking and insufficient physical activity, however lesser risk of alcohol use
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Long term illness
- more likely to have a chronic illness than people without disabilities; they are also more likely to have early onset of many chronic conditions
- anxiety and distress (depression and bipolar disorder) are most common among people with disability.
- people with severe or profound core activity limitation were twice as likely as other Australians to have an anxiety disorder and 6 times as likely to have a mood disorder
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Role of
Communities
Negative attitudes are the basis of discrimination and a barrier to social and economic participation
Strong beliefs in the community about the lack of ability of people with disabilities to engage in relationships, particularly those with an intellectual disability
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Governments
Physical activity guidelines to provide understanding of the types and amounts of physical activity appropriate for them
Places designed for adequate wheelchair access,
Policies and practices in place to make it easier for a person with disability to be employed, enhancing capacity to actively participate in society
Individual
Improve physical health - determine adaptations needed to ensure safe participation in activities and use of exercise equipment
Improve psychosocial health
- Assess for depression and other psychosocial issues
- Identify accessible treatment programs and centres
- Encourage participation in activities and support groups
Assist patient to identify healthy strategies to cope with stress.
Improve nutrition
- determine ideal body weight for individual and current body weight
- stress importance of healthy food intake and need for adequate fluid intake to avoid dehydration
- encourage monitoring of weight, blood glucose and lipid levels
Nature
Prevalence of disability is decreasing due to a decline in physical health conditions such as asthma and heart disease
Australians with severe or profound disability are more likely to use professional health services than other Australians - due to high prevalence of long-term health conditions, and comorbidity of mental and physical disability
In 2009, 1.3 million people had a severe or profound core activity limitation
Determinants
Socioeconomic
Income - Lower incomes and more likely to live in poverty than people without a disability and its common for people with a disability to ‘fall out of home ownership’ due to the costs of their disability
Employment - Can experience financial constraints (e.g. lack of access to job opportunities, need ongoing health care) due to low levels of workforce participation and education, and be socially excluded or marginalised
Education - Lower levels of education than the rest of the population across the range of impairment types
Environmental
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Housing - The proportion of people with disabilities in public housing is double that of the general Australian population
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