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Advances in Cancer Chemo (Immunotherapy (Vaccination strategies, Immune…
Advances in Cancer Chemo
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NSAIDs
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Inhibit NF-kB pathway and downstream COX1 and 2 (promote apoptosis, inhibit proliferation)
SERMS
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Tamoxifen MoA: competitively inhibits estradiol binding of ER -> decreased DNA synthesis + cellular response to E.
estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue, estrogen agonist in lipid metabolism (decreases cholesterol), increases bone resportion. turnover, density
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Dietary
Cancer blocking agents: inhibit metabolic activation of procarcinogens or subsequent DNA interaction
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Sulforaphane (broccoli, kale, brussel sprouts, etc)
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HPV
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20-30y later, viral DNA incorporated in tumour genome
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Immunotherapy
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- Immune checkpoint blockades
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- Nonspecific immune stimulation
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PD-1:PD-L1 inhibitor: block interaction with monoclonal antibodies nivolumab - extremely promising, though only 15% respond
Combining immuno + other therapies: possibly only works sometimes due to low T cell amounts at tumour edge (no inflammation) -> if we could raise T cell response first & recruit
the cells to the edges of the tumour, then patients
might respond better to ckpoint inhibitors