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Physical causes of flooding (Previous weather conditions (Drought (Not as…
Physical causes of flooding
Rock type
More impermeable rock means less water percolates into the rock
Higher risk of flooding
Relief
Height of land, higher the land, higher chance of relief rainfall, lower chance of flooding
higher the land, higher chance of relief rainfall, lower chance of flooding
Lower land
Higher chance of flooding as it is closer to sea level
Previous weather conditions
Drought
Not as much water can infiltrate
Higher chance of flooding
High rainfall
Ground saturated from previous rainfall - higher chance of flooding
Cold
Ground frozen
High amount of surface runoff
High snowmelt
Higher chance of flood
Temperature
Evaporation - higher chance for larger amounts of rainfall as more water will eventually have to fall
Amount and type of rain
More heavy rain - higher chance of flooding
More intensity higher chance of flash flooding
If it has been dry before, more water can infiltrate into the soil- less chance of flooding
Frontal rain
Rain is gentle, but ground saturated
More heavy rain follows, high runoff, as the water cannot infiltrate