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Organ Functions (Kidney (Formation of urine, Conserve water, Maintain…
Organ Functions
Kidney
Formation of urine
Conserve water
Maintain blood volume and pressure
Secretes water
Remove waste from blood
Liver
Bioactivation & detoxification
Bilirubin
Old RBCs taken up by macrophages and heme is oxidized into bilirubin
Liver takes up bilirubin and conjugates it with glucuronic acid and then excrete in the bile
Consequences
Jaundice
Accumulation of bilirubin in skin
Usually due to liver and gallbladder disorders
symptom where skin and eyes become yellow
Hyperammonemia --> comma
Loss of secondary sex characteristics
Ammonia
Derived from protein and converted rapidly to urea by hepatic urea cycle and excreted in urine
Formation of bile and biliary secretion
Composed of bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipids, bilirubin, electrolytes, H2O
Important for digestion o fats
Consequences:
Fatty diarrhea
Malnutrition
Vitamin E deficiency
Protein synthesis: clotting factors
Coagulation factors (I-XIII)
Albumin
Consequences:
Excessive bleeding
Hypoalbuminemia --> ascites
Nutrient homeostasis
Glucose storage and synthesis
insulin signaling promotes uptake and storage of glucose as glycogen
insulin inhibits glycogen breakdown pathways in these tissue
Cholesterol uptake
insulin signaling promotes uptake and storage of triglycerides in muscle and adipocytes
insulin inhibits triglyceride and glycogen breakdown pathways in these tissue
Insulin signaling in brain inhibits feeding behavior and activates energy expenditure pathways.
Consequences: hypoglycemia --> confusion