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Exam Review, 11/16/2017 (Research designs (Bench vs. Bedside,…
Exam Review, 11/16/2017
Definition: research is the process of systematically investigating a single, well-defined aspect of physical, mental or social wellbeing.
Identify question
Select topic
EDP
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Population
Snapshot: Cross-sectional, Over time and Observe exposure: cohort, Over time and Assign exposure: experimental
PICOT: patient, intervention, comparison, outcome, timeframe
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Focus research question
Study approach
primary- collect/analyze new data
secondary- analyze existing data
tertiary- review existing literature
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FINER: feasible, interesting, novel, ethical, relevant
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Select study approach
Case Series: describe a group of individuals with a disease, includes PPT (person, place, time)
Cross-sectional: describe exposure and/or disease status in a population, prevalence study
Case-control study: compare exposure histories in people with disease vs people without diseases, Odds Ratio
Cohort study: compare rates of new (incident) disease in people with different exposures or follow a population forward in time to look for incident diseases, Incidence Rate Ratios
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Qualitative study: seek to understand how individuals and communities perceive and make sense of their world
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Research: systematic investigation, rigorous, methodical, based on underlying data, structured
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Research designs
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Primary, Secondary, Tertiary: types of data collection
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Bench vs. Bedside, Translational vs. Community
Basic (lab, animal) and Bench
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Key Data Terms
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Observations
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interval: always numeric, differences between numbers is important
Ratio same as ordinal, but ratio is extremely relevant, starts at 0
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