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W8 Weighty Issues - Nutrition & Obesity, Phys Inact & Diabetes…
W8 Weighty Issues - Nutrition & Obesity, Phys Inact & Diabetes
Strats to curb the rise in Ob
- sugar tax on sweetened beverages
- 'Bad' food taxes
- Labelling of unhealthy food
- Restricting ad & promotion of junk food
- Restrict loc of junk food premises
- expand the role of healthcare providers, insurers and employers in obesity prevention
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Salt
- suggested dietary intake: 4g NHMRC & <5g WHO
- Most Aus daily intake = 10g
RF/ condition tht salt contributes to
- High bld pressure
- ⇈s risk of deadly MyoInf & stroke
Salt & Bread
- main source of salt in Aussie diet is bread
3/4 of salt intake is frm processed food
Entire pop approach
- ⇊exposure of children to marketing & promotion of unhealthy foods
- ⇊availability & demand for unhealthy food products
- Encourage healthy eating & physical activity thru soc marketing
- Embed phys act & healthy eating in everyday life: workplace, school & communities
Factors contributing to Obesity
- poor diet
- poor behavioural patterns
- linked to health determinants of obesity and overweight
Internal
- personal capita: low PC = more likely o succumb to low prices and appeal of fast food
- social capita:
- health capita: learned behaviours relate to eating patterns, exercise activity, use of meds & nutritional supplements, use of toxic subs or other lifestyle patterns
- genes tht determine an ind's phys & psychological predispositions:
External
- impact of technological change on the markets for food & exercise
- lower food prices & higher exercise prices
- the built environment
- neighbourhoods lack good places to walk, bicycle paths, lack access to fresh fruit and veggies
- lack sts tht encourage soc int
- ppl discouraged from needed phys act & social act.
- soc-economic patterns: working more= less time at home to prep a good meal
- ⇈selling of unhealthy foods & i⇈demand
Social Marketing
- 4 Ps:
- Place, Price, Product & Promotion
Price
- pries for logging phys act as part of an online game
- giveaways: hats, wristbands, t-shirts
Place
- creating safe environments where tweens could be physically active
- backyard, youth-serving orgs, church, park, school
Promotion
- support the strat of surround tweens w/ +ve message abt phys act
Product
- activity kits supplied to schools
- yellow balls delivered to tweens @ schools, play areas, & rec centres
Iron deficiency
Causes
- ⇈ Physiological demand: infancy, rapid growth (adolescence), menstrual blood loss, pregnancy, breast feeding & bld donation
- Environmental: insufficient intake, resulting from poverty, malnutrition, dietary choises (excessive milk intake, vegetarian, iron-poor)
- Pathologic
- ⇊absorption
- chronic bld loss
- acute bld loss
- Genetic
Pop grps @ higher risk
- Women of child-bearing age
- Pregnant women
- Young children
- Elderly hospitalised patients [frequent bld sampling]
- Ppl/patient: GIT bld loss, iron malabsorption, gastric cancer, GIT surgery, excessive alcohol intake
Signs & symptoms
- appearance: tired, listless, lifeless
- Skin: pale, inelastic, dry
- thinning hair
- Mouth/ GIT: oesophageal webbing
- white or pale blue sclerae - eyes
- brittle, concave, flattened nails
- Resp: tachyonoea
- Spleen: splenomegaly in severe, untreated disease
- CV: tachycardia, slight cardiomegaly, raised JVP